The process of circuit design can cover systems ranging from national power grids all the way down to the individual transistors within an integrated circuit. (sciencedaily.com)
But it also causes a huge electromagnetic field pulse that can disrupt radio communications, satellite systems, and even disable entire national power grids — as happened in a particularly large solar storm of March 1989 that blacked out the whole of Quebec. (newatlas.com)
Current battery solutions are difficult and too expensive to build on a scale that fits the needs of national power grids — with the notable exception of Tesla's super cell in South Australia. (climatechangenews.com)