To take an example, imagine that a particular sub-group of students do more poorly than expected (based on their performance on other questions testing the same math skill) on a math item that uses the word «foyer,» while other groups of students do just as well as expected. (educationnext.org)
Overall, studies in the field indicate that children from low - income families tend to show the most gains from social emotional learning interventions, but results for other groups of students are more mixed, although a number of studies show positive effects. (sciencedaily.com)
For example, Smarter Balanced's «Bias and Sensitivity Guidelines» point to the word foyer as unfair: «assuming a student knows what a «foyer» is would be unfair because the term: 1) is more likely to be known by some groups of students than by other groups of students, 2) is not required by the Common Core State Standards, and 3) is not likely to have been routinely used in the classroom.» (educationnext.org)