Cobalamin malabsorption is often a result of exocrine pancreatic insufficiency in dogs although it is not uncommon that other disorders of the small intestines can lead to the non-absorption of Vitamin B12 by the cells of the small intestines. (mypetneedsthat.com)
Frequency distribution of age at diagnosis of canine exocrine pancreatic insufficiency in 199 german shepherd dogs and 102 dogs of other breeds. (epi4dogs.com)
Enzymes can be beneficial in our intestines if certain conditions such as pancreatic insufficiency where patients don't make the digestive enzymes they need. (nutritionfacts.org)