In addition, we are interested in the possibility of heterogeneous effects on particular subgroups of students. (educationnext.org)
Instead, schools and students are selected randomly to participate so that enough students take the NAEP test for it to produce usable data for the all students group and for particular subgroups, like Black, Hispanic, and low - income kids. (educationnext.org)
It reduces the number of components that have to be focused on within the accountability system, and places the focus on students who truly need the most help, rather than focusing on students in particular subgroups, for which they can't necessarily control their placement. (educationnext.org)