One cause is government, that is, third - party dispute resolution: courts and police with a monopoly on the legitimate use of force. (newscientist.com)
If the other party disputes it - you are looking at a longer waiting period for your day in court. (biggerpockets.com)
Moreover, under the proposed amendments, no job action could occur until an essential services agreement is negotiated or established through third - party dispute resolution. (slaw.ca)