The machine measures the chemical products of the genes, or more often, the lack of a product, which may cause another chemical to peak. (discovermagazine.com)
In a Perspective, Brenner looks to the future, to the next big step forward, which will be deciphering what the protein product of each gene does and how each gene is switched on and off. (science.sciencemag.org)
They react particularly to thymus - dependent protein and cell surface antigens and to products of genes encoded in the MHC. (science.sciencemag.org)