In particular, I examine 1) whether a child was below grade for age while still of school age (a proxy for grade retention); 2) three indicators of adult educational attainment (high school dropout, high school degree only, and some college); 3) adult wage and salary earnings and indicators of employment and receipt of public assistance income; and 4) an indicator for residence in institutionalized group quarters, a widely used proxy for incarceration. (educationnext.org)
Helene Desormeau The problem I'm concerned when I encounter victims of domestic violence who earn under $ 19,000 annually or who are in receipt of public assistance, but who are refused traditional legal aid because the violence was «not serious enough.» (slaw.ca)
Also, any supported conclusions that are based on a legally protected status (race, color, religion, national origin, gender, marital status, familial status, age, receipt of public assistance income, handicap, or group homogeneity) must not be considered by an appraiser because they are precluded by law from doing so. (realtormag.realtor.org)