Solar photons refer to packets of energy emitted by the Sun in the form of light. These photons carry energy and travel through space to reach the Earth, providing us with sunlight. Full definition
This requires a catalyst that is both efficient in its use of solar photons and fast enough to keep up with solar flux in order to avoid wasting those photons. (newscenter.lbl.gov)
At the core of photosystem II is a manganese - calcium (Mn4Ca) metalloenzyme complex that when energized by solar photons catalyzes a four photon - step cycle of oxidation states (S0 - to - S3) that ultimately yields molecular oxygen. (newscenter.lbl.gov)
As the lighter versions are easier to knock out into space with a stray cosmic ray or extra energy from solar photons, a higher fraction of heavy isotopes remaining in Mars's present - day atmosphere means much of the original atmosphere has been lost. (newscientist.com)