The decision to judge programs based on third grade test scores dismisses the full range of skills and capacities developed through early childhood education that strongly contribute to future achievement and life outcomes. (heckmanequation.org)
These schools also have fewer black students than the statewide average, with 15.7 percent black students versus 24.9 percent statewide for students with third grade test scores. (educationnext.org)
Researchers looked at third grade test scores and levels of lead in blood samples from 58,650 students in Chicago public schools. (sciencenews.org)