Take for example in Broadcom v Qualcomm, a patent litigation case where the court ordered $ 8.5 M in sanctions and investigation of ethics violations for a large quantity of withheld documents when a simple search revealed missing documents. (finextra.com)
Andrew Jackson in 1834 for withholding documents relating to his actions in defunding the Bank of the United States. (politics.stackexchange.com)
In the case, the government withheld documents on the basis of privilege, but the plaintiffs did not trust the government's privilege determinations. (exterro.com)