Locating subs in the Arctic is difficult because the jagged undersides of ice garble sonar tracking. (discovermagazine.com)
Driven by stronger winds resulting from climate change, ocean waters in the Southern Ocean are mixing more powerfully, so that relatively warm deep water rises to the surface and eats away at the underside of the ice. (sciencemag.org)
But here at the grounding zone the underside of the ice may be melting more quickly. (scientificamerican.com)