The court stated that price - fixing is not a question of whether two or more competitors have literally «fixed» a «price,» for when two partners set the price of their goods or services they are literally «price - fixing,» but they are not per se in violation of antitrust law. (nar.realtor)
As with price - fixing agreements, treatment of a group boycott as a per se violation of the antitrust laws results in the alleged conspirators being denied the opportunity to offer pro-competitive or other justifications for the conduct. (nar.realtor)
Prior to Leegin, which involved a handbag maker, it had been an automatic violation of antitrust law for manufacturers to impose prices on retailers. (gigaom.com)