However, Pappalardo — and even the researchers behind a new study of Hubble's images, which will be published in The Astrophysical Journal — could not say the photos prove the existence of water plumes at Europa. (businessinsider.com)
The most possible cause, according to researchers, for the observed water vapor traces around Europa is the presence of erupting water plumes on the moon's surface, not unlike those that have been directly observed on Saturn's moon Enceladus by the Cassini spacecraft. (americaspace.com)
Despite his inherent skepticism about the evidence, Pappalardo and other researchers hope water plumes at Europa do exist. (businessinsider.com)