Sentences with phrase «global vegetation»

Global response of terrestrial ecosystem structure and function to CO2 and climate change: results from six dynamic global vegetation models.

The research team used satellite data to analyse changes in global vegetation cover from 2000 to 2015 and link these to changes in the surface energy balance.

All 110 simulations predict an increase in global vegetation carbon to 2100, but with substantial variation between vegetation models.

Nevertheless, better understanding of nutrient constraints in general, and of how to incorporate them into global vegetation models, is a major priority.

Global vegetation cover changes from coarse resolution satellite data.

Global vegetation fire emissions typically constitute a third of total releases of carbon dioxide, the main heat - trapping emission, annually (1).

The magnitude of variability in range size change forecasts is comparable with a recent study based on global vegetation modeling, rather than species - based models [40].

In contrast to previous global vegetation model studies, we emphasize the importance of uncertainties in projected changes in carbon residence times.

Yet how global vegetation is responding to the changing environment is not well established.

Previous modeling studies have also consistently predicted increased global vegetation carbon under future scenarios of climate and CO2, but with considerable variation in absolute values (2 — 4).

The results suggest that recent changes in global vegetation have had impacts on local climates that should be considered in the design of local mitigation and adaptation plans.

Is there any chance of getting a guest contribution summarizing the state of Dynamic Global Vegetation Models and how they might be incorporated in future GCMs?

The rise of crop agriculture changed the entire development of the human race, and it's now estimated that grasses compose about 20 percent of global vegetation.

Around the same time, a NASA scientist named Compton Tucker found that he could map global vegetation changes by calculating a «Normalized Difference Vegetation Index» (NDVI) from the data produced by a satellite sensor.

Agreement nevertheless emerges on increases in future global vegetation carbon, with large regional increases across much of the boreal forest, western Amazonia, central Africa, western China, and southeastern Asia.

Using simulation results from five GCMs and the full range of RCPs, we have characterized the range of terrestrial vegetation responses to future conditions across seven different global vegetation model formulations.

During last year's round of climate treaty talks, in Lima, Peru, a statement issued by the Global Fire Monitoring Center underscored the need to address global vegetation fires in the context of climate change, referring to the work of 58 scientists who evaluated the global state of fire between 1993 and 2014.

It is clear from these results that the response of residence time to climate and CO2 is a critical yet inconsistently represented feature of current global vegetation models.

To facilitate comparison across simulations using all GCMs and RCPs, we express global vegetation change with respect to change in global mean land surface temperature (ΔMLT).

Posted in Adaptation, Agriculture, Biodiversity, Development and Climate Change, Environment, Health and Climate Change, Information and Communication, Lessons, News, Research Comments Off on Climate Alters Global Vegetation

Matt Ridley recently pointed out that a NASA scientist has developed a «Normalized Difference Vegetation Index» that uses satellite data to «map global vegetation changes.»

Modelled removal of savannas from global vegetation cover has larger effects on global precipitation than for any other biome (Snyder et al., 2004) and, in four out of five savannas studied globally, modelled savanna - grassland conversion resulted in 10 % lower rainfall, suggesting positive feedback between human impacts and changing climate (Hoffmann and Jackson, 2000).

Complex as they may be, the activities and effects of consumers should be incorporated into global vegetation models in order to accurately predict the likely consequences of global change.

The first multi-DGVM study to look at the potential impacts of future climate and atmospheric CO2 on global vegetation and soils was reported by ref.

A novel MIT study concludes that increasing levels of ozone due to the growing use of fossil fuels will damage global vegetation, resulting in serious costs to the world's economy.

Observational evidence strongly suggests that global vegetation carbon in natural forests is already increasing (17), and the relationship of any future increases with ΔMLT has important consequences for future levels of atmospheric CO2.

And such slight warming over next few decades, will cause animal extinction, and will melt Greenland in some dramatic fashion, and will continue cause increase in crop production and a general increase in global vegetation.

Krinner, G., et al., 2005: A dynamic global vegetation model for studies of the coupled atmosphere - biosphere system.

This technique lays the foundation for much improved parameterizations of climate change and global vegetation models, which will tell what the future holds in store.

In this work we implemented a chlorophyll fluorescence model developed at leaf scale to a global vegetation model JSBACH and we evaluated the model performance in terms of photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence.

The Finnish Meteorological Institute implemented the chlorophyll fluorescence model into a global vegetation model in collaboration with researchers from the Max Planck Institute.

Indeed, the long lifetime of fossil fuel carbon in the climate system and persistence of the ocean warming ensure that «slow» feedbacks, such as ice sheet disintegration, changes of the global vegetation distribution, melting of permafrost, and possible release of methane from methane hydrates on continental shelves, would also have time to come into play.

Based on the latest modeling, it is becoming safer to assume that 4 degrees could bring about a number of extremely dangerous feedback loops — an Arctic that is regularly ice - free in September, for instance, or, according to one recent study, global vegetation that is too saturated to act as a reliable «sink,» leading to more carbon being emitted rather than stored.

Peter Cox is the originator / author of the Triffid dynamic global vegetation model which was used to predict dieback of the Amazonian rain forest by 2050 and as a consequence a strong positive climate - carbon cycle feedback (i.e., an acceleration of global warming) with a resultant increase in global mean surface temperature by 8 deg.

A dynamic global vegetation model for studies of the coupled atmosphere - biosphere system.

Evaluation of the terrestrial carbon cycle, future plant geography and climate - carbon cycle feedbacks using five Dynamic Global Vegetation Models (DGVMs)

Although studies with equilibrium vegetation models suggest that increased leaf area may offset stomatal closure (Betts et al., 1997; Kergoat et al., 2002), studies with dynamic global vegetation models indicate that stomatal responses dominate the effects of leaf area increase.

Nine global vegetation models (GVMs)(meaning vegetation processes are simulated, but not necessarily vegetation dynamics), four of which were DGVMs, were used in the Coupled Climate — Carbon Cycle Model Intercomparison Project (3).

Multiple mechanisms of Amazonian forest biomass losses in three dynamic global vegetation models under climate change

Beginning in the 1990s, a handful of dynamic global vegetation models (DGVMs) have been developed, using parameterizations for many of the processes mentioned above.