The first difference arises because
annual average temperature change is greater than summer temperature change at high latitudes, but the mass balance sensitivity is greater to summer change.
Very interesting post by Christopher Burt — «A Dramatic Increase in
Annual Average Temperatures for U.S. Cities This Decade» — on hot and cold temperature record trends of 60 US cities, based on records going back to 1895.
By taking the time to download and analyze, and summarize
annual average temperature records from hundreds of weather reporting stations, from the US, Canada, England, Iceland, Norway, Denmark, the Faroe Islands and Greenland.
Figure A below, which graphs the global
annual average temperature from 1861 to the present, does indeed seem to show a warming trend.1 But such data must be interpreted carefully.
If the background warming trend is around 0.2 C per decade, El Nino and La Nina, with their potential +0.3 C to -0.3 C influences
on annual average temperatures respectively, can obviously mask that trend positively or negatively in years where they are strong.
An annual average of each station could be employed to calculate and
annual average temperature surface and the annuals and longer terms could be summarized the same way.
Figure 1, above: Global
mean annual average temperature in the simulations with time - varying long - lived species only (top) and due to short - lived species (bottom).
Back in 2009, at the United Nations (UN) Framework Convention on Climate Change, nations around the world drew a hypothetical line in the sand, pledging to do everything in their power to prevent the
world annual average temperature from warming an additional two degrees Celsius (3.6 °F)- known as the Copenhagen Accord.
«I suggest that the hypothesis be that «The lower tropospheric global
annual average temperature trend (TLT) from 2002 until now can not distinguished from a zero trend.»
The year 2016 marked the warmest
ocean annual average temperatures ever recorded, putting corals at risk and foreshadowing what we can expect as climate change continues.
Although UHI and instrument relocations can have a significant local effect, they alone can not account for the overall nationwide picture of an increase in
annual average temperature witnessed by all but one site since 2010.
Global climate models
project annual average temperature to increase by 1.7 °C to 4.0 °C, and indicate an average increase of 2.9 °C between the 1971 - 2000 baseline and the 2050s.
Using annual average temperature anomaly from NASA GISS (one of the data sets Schwartz uses), after detrending by removing a linear fit, Schwartz arrives at his Figure 5g:
But when you look at the long
time Annual Average Temperatures back to 1900 or even further back, 1998 is only one of several unusually warm years, and looses it's first place ranking to several other years.
«The absence of any significant change in the global
annual average temperature over the past 16 years has become one of the most discussed topics in climate science,» wrote David Whitehouse of the Global Warming Policy Foundation in June.
The bulwark claim of the anthropogenic global warm (AGW) hypothesis and the objective of the stick are that current
global annual average temperatures are the warmest ever.
Annual average temperature in the area was about -1.4 °C, barely below freezing but still about 18 °C warmer than the modern average.
«When you think about the range of countries that we had and you compare
the annual average temperatures in those countries, they can vary by about 50 - degrees Fahrenheit — and that's a pretty big range,» Koppel said.
«This thing is real» A temperature series study recently published in the International Journal of Climatology found that over 175 years (1838 to 2012),
the annual average temperature in Oslo, Norway, has gone up 1.5 C.
France's Polar Institute Paul - Émile Victor and its partner, Italy's National Antarctic Research Program manage the station, which is 3,800 meters above sea level and has
an annual average temperature of — 55 degrees C. Ultimately, the project would store dozens of ice cores from glaciers around the world, safely dug into the snow in the world's safest freezer, Chappellaz says.
The warmest year on record was 2012 when
the annual average temperature was 55.3 °F.
This marks the 19th consecutive year that
the annual average temperature for the CONUS was above the 20th century average.
For example the Central England Temperature record tells us that
annual average temperatures in the 1690s (in the depths of the Maunder Minimum) plummeted as low as 7.27 deg C (in 1695) but rose to 10.47 deg C (in 1733 - note that the figure for 2005 is 10.44 deg C).
A Chinese industrial tier - two city with roughly eleven million inhabitants and
an annual average temperature of mere 4 degrees centigrade, where there's not much that would attract tourist visitors.
You have not provided any data to support your wild claim that
the annual average temperature change has a relationship to the temperature change in extreme events.
If you have a reconstruction of
annual average temperatures at a location over the past 1000 yrs with an error range of, say, + / -0.3 deg C in the proxy data, and the net temperature change over that time period is 1.0 deg C from the proxy data, your counts and timing of records are going to be heavily dependent on errors.
I think that you will find that even a 5deg C increase in
annual average temperature will still see average temperature way below zero at the South Pole, and probably the same in Greenland.
The black line is
the annual average temperature, the red line a 5 - year moving average.