The data above comes from 2012, the most recent data in which
average scale score on State tests can be compared to other demographic information.
In 1999 Weston, a Boston suburb, spent $ 10,039 per pupil, in adjusted 2003 dollars, and that year its 4th - grade students
averaged a scale score of 248 on the state reading test.
As can be seen in Figure 1a, states with higher percentages of students from low - income families report lower
average scale scores in 8th - grade math on the National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP).
In particular, I recommended allowing states to
use average scale scores (i.e., the simple average of students» test scores in a school) as their status measure because this made better use of the available data.
Within the data, a breakdown of school cohort size revealed that pupils scored nearly the exact
same average scaled score regardless of cohort size — although there was a slight benefit of smaller cohorts in reading.
States can accomplish this by measuring achievement
via average scale scores or a performance index, and by giving substantial weight to a measure of academic growth for all students from one year to the next.
Here it is important to note again that a school's grades are based not on its
overall average scale score but rather on the percentage of students meeting levels of proficiency and the percentage of students making adequate gains on the tests.
Specifically, the department's final regulations allow performance indexes, but
not average scale scores, to become the primary status metric of accountability [viii].
The latest results from the National Assessment for Educational Progress, released today, show Kentucky's students with: A
declining average scale score in fourth grade reading compared to 2015 No significant change in eighth grade reading, fourth grade mathematics...
First, the state will look at a school's relative performance with all students and in closing gaps for «high needs» students based on a number of factors
including average scale scores, academic growth, chronic absenteeism, and success in grade 9 courses.
Average scale scores for 2017 fourth - grade reading in Wisconsin were 220, a decline that is statistically significant when compared to the 2015 average score of 223.
The best approach for measuring student achievement levels for accountability purposes under ESSA is to
use average scale scores.
It may be possible that a given state or jurisdiction has a numerically
higher average scale score than the nation or another state but that the difference is not statistically significant, while another state with the same average score may show a statistical significance compared to the nation or the other state.
The letter encourages the Dept. of Education to
adopt Average Scale Scores and Proficiency Index evaluation models which, they argue, «address far more effectively than proficiency rates the core purposes of ESSA, including incentivizing more effective efforts to educate all children and providing broad discretion to states in designing their accountability systems.»
Average scale scores are important, no doubt, but we also need to pay attention to high and low achievers and how they are faring over time.
Consider Figure 1, which graphs
the average scale scores on NAEP's math assessment for fourth - grade students in Texas and in the United States as a whole.
In the same period,
the average scale score for black fourth graders rose by 18 points, for Hispanic students by 17 points, and the cut score defining the 10th percentile of performance increased by 16 points.
In 2000,
the average scale score for 12th graders on NAEP was 301 out of 500.
By converting the Timss scores to the scores used in the key stage 2 maths tests, known as Sats, the report estimates that to match the performance of pupils in the top five countries — Singapore, Hong Kong, South Korea, Taiwan and Japan — 90 per cent of children in England would need to reach the expected standard in the English Sats maths test, with
an average scaled score of 107.
Using
an Average Scale Score may have some less noticed beneficial consequences as well.
If the lowest performers at the school improve by a few points, that will raise
the average scale score.
If the Department believes percent proficient is also important for reporting purposes, these values could be reported alongside
the average scale scores.
For instance, the change in MAP - R or MAP - M scores for a student at the beginning of the second and third grades could be compared to that student's school peers (equivalent to
your average scale score comparison if I understand correctly), district peers, and national peers to evaluate the rate of academic growth.
In my mind, the more gradations the better (because it approaches
the average scale score as the gradations go to infinity).
If
average scale scores can not be used, a weaker alternative that is still superior to percent proficient would be to allow states to use proficiency indexes.
Average scale scores is the superior method.
Furthermore, as I read this requirement, states can, in fact, get their performance indices very close to
average scale scores if they simply create many score categories.
In previous posts, I recommended that the feds allow the use of performance indexes and
average scale scores; performance indexes are now specifically allowed under the peer - review guidance the Department published a few weeks ago.
In fourth - grade math, DCPS's black students»
average scale score was better than their peers» average in only four cities.
From 1995 to 2011,
the average scale score for Japan's eighth graders fell 11 points (from 581 to 570) while the U.S. eighth graders gained 17 points (from 492 to 509).
There are exceptions, of course, such as Amistad Academy, which often appears comparable to New Haven Public Schools in terms of % FRPM, % ELL, and higher in
average scale score.
Finally, the % FRPM applies to all grades in the district, while
the average scale score applies to all students in a district in the 6th grade taking the standard version of the test.
Subject - matter achievement is reported in two ways —
average scale scores and the percentages of students performing at achievement levels based on scale scores.
Average scale scores are a better measure of central tendency compared to percent of students at proficient or goal because scale scores do not lump students status levels at arbitrary cut points.
Florida NAEP results are collected in reports that focus on
average scale scores and the percentages of students performing at or above Basic and Proficient.
So, if third graders in a particular building
averaged a scale score of 320 in grade 3 math last year and averaged a scale score of 330 in grade 3 math this year, the building may safely be said to have improved year - over-year in grade 3 math performance.
More specifically, the authors estimated the effect size — or the increase in
average scale scores — of a one - hour later school start time on scores for the 2015 NAEP math and reading exams.
The average score of Hispanic grade - 8 students was 274, which was 8 points higher than the national average of 266 and statistically the same as
the average scale score of 275 for Hispanics in the South.
A further breakdown of class sizes revealed that small year 6 classes of one to 15 pupils achieved
an average scaled score of 104 in reading, and 103 in writing and maths.