Sentences with word «bollworm»

«We wanted to see if field - resistant pink bollworm from India harbored these same changes in the cadherin gene,» Fabrick said.

The caterpillar pest Helicoverpa zea (also known as cotton bollworm and corn earworm) has evolved resistance to four Bt proteins produced by biotech crops.

The researchers learned that the astonishing diversity of cadherin in pink bollworm from India is caused by alternative splicing, a novel mechanism of resistance that allows a single DNA sequence to code for many variants of a protein.

Scientists from the UA and the U.S. Department of Agriculture worked closely with cotton growers in Arizona to develop and implement resistance management strategies such as providing «refuges» of standard cotton plants that do not produce Bt proteins and releasing sterile pink bollworm moths.

The emergence of resistant pink bollworm in India provided the researchers an opportunity to test the hypothesis that insects in the field would evolve resistance to Bt toxin by the same genetic mechanism found previously in the lab.

A pink bollworm caterpillar emerges after devouring the seeds within a cotton boll.

Their findings, reported in the May 19 issue of the journal PLOS ONE, shed light on how the global caterpillar pest called pink bollworm overcomes biotech cotton, which was designed to make an insect - killing bacterial protein called Bt toxin.

However, resistant pink bollworm populations have emerged in India, which grows the most Bt cotton of any country in the world.

Sequencing the DNA of resistant pink bollworm collected from the field in India, the team found that the insects produce remarkably diverse disrupted variants of cadherin.

Seven years after China's farmers began planting genetically engineered cotton — tailored specifically to resist bollworm infestation without chemical sprays — they are using just as much pesticide as they did before, researchers reported in July.

Area bollworms might become resistant to Bt toxins, Qaim noted both in his paper and in interviews.

Pink bollworm caterpillars munching on Bt cotton die before becoming adults and therefore do not reproduce.

Tabashnik explained: «On the Bt cotton, pink bollworm survival is virtually zero.

Part of the problem in bollworms developing resistance to the Bt toxin is over-cultivation of the GM crop, in the sense of planting too much of it close together and not providing so - called «refuge» space between fields and farms.

Scientists have found for the first time bollworms not only living and surviving on GM cotton, but having offspring that can complete their full lifecycle there.

One of the pests, the cotton bollworm, is widespread in Africa, Asia and Europe and causes damage to over 100 crops, including corn, cotton, tomato and soybean.

In 2009, researchers in Arizona tested transgenic pink bollworm moths, which threaten cotton fields.

In the U.S., pink bollworm populations have not evolved resistance to Bt toxins in the wild.

He said that by collaborating with Indian scientists, «we discovered that the same cadherin gene is associated with the resistance in India, but the mutations are different and much more numerous than the ones we found in lab - selected pink bollworm from Arizona.»

«Perhaps the most compelling evidence that refuges work comes from the pink bollworm, which evolved resistance rapidly to Bt cotton in India, but not in the U.S.,» Tabashnik said.

A concerning finding among the Brazilian hybrids was that one was 51 per cent earworm but included a known resistance gene from the bollworm.

The bollworm, commonly found in Australia, attacks more crops and develops much more resistance to pesticides than the earworm.

«On top of the impact already felt in South America, recent estimates that 65 per cent of the USA's agricultural output is at risk of being affected by the bollworm demonstrates that this work has the potential to instigate changes to research priorities that will have direct ramifications for the people of America, through the food on their tables and the clothes on their backs,» Dr Anderson said.

Genetically modified «Bt cotton» carries a bacterial protein that is toxic to the bollworm, the main cotton pest.

But the good news is that the researchers also constructed modified toxins that can kill Bt - resistant pink bollworms.

But some experts worry that pests targeted by the crops — bollworms and tobacco budworms, for example — could develop resistance.

A caterpillar of pink bollworm, a global pest that evolved resistance to Bt cotton in India but the not in the U.S., emerges after devouring a boll of cotton.

Based on laboratory experiments aimed at determining the molecular mechanisms involved, scientists knew that pink bollworm can evolve resistance against the Bt toxin, but they had to go all the way to India to observe this happening in the field.

Farmers in the U.S., but not in India, adopted tactics designed to slow evolution of resistance in pink bollworm.

As a result, pink bollworm has been all but eradicated in the southwestern U.S. Suppression of this pest with Bt cotton is the cornerstone of an integrated pest management program that has allowed Arizona cotton growers to reduce broad spectrum insecticide use by 80 percent, saving them over $ 10 million annually.

An important implication is that DNA screening would not be efficient for monitoring resistance of pink bollworm to Bt toxins.»

Since then, scientists have used the technique to eradicate the screwworm fly, which causes lesions on livestock, from North and Central America; the tsetse fly, which brings sleeping sickness, from Zanzibar; and the pink bollworm, a pest of cotton, from California.

The protein produced from the gene kills the cotton bollworm and the native budworm.

Adding the Bt genes gives the cotton a built - in pesticide against the cotton bollworm, a scourge that can decimate crops.

The novel control strategy, described in the Nov. 7 advance online publication of the journal Nature Biotechnology, has allowed growers to maintain high cotton yields without spraying insecticides to control pink bollworm.

Caterpillars of the pink bollworm (Pectinophora gossypiella) are one of the most detrimental pests to cotton production worldwide.

Monsanto failed to tell them that the crop was very susceptible to bollworms, a virulent parasite, and the GM cotton required twice the amount of water as traditional crops.

ICIPE is now testing the push - pull method in rice cultivation, and against the cotton bollworm, both features that bode good news for millions of Asia's small farmers.

This particular study did not examine whether the bollworms survived because they developed a resistance the toxin or because the toxin present in the cotton was insufficient to kill them.

Looking at two varieties of Bt cotton in commercial use, containing both single and double genes intended to be toxin to the bollworms, the scientists found that the pests were able to survive.

With about 90 percent area under Bt cotton, bollworms can develop resistance soon.

Back in March of this year, however, Monsanto admitted that pink bollworms had developed resistance to Bt cotton in the Indian state of Gujarat, in plots where the single gene variety (Bollgard I) of the GM crop was planted.

One of the pests, the cotton bollworm, is widespread in Africa, Asia and Europe and causes damage to over 100 crops, including corn, cotton, tomato and soybean.