Sentences with word «calcifiers»

The conclusion is that future changes in ocean acidity will potentially impact the population size and dynamics, as well as the community structure of calcifiers, and will therefore have negative impacts on marine ecosystems»

«[T] here have been a few claims for already realized impacts of ocean acidification on calcifiers, such as a decline in the number of oysters on the West Coast of North America (Barton et al. 2012) and in Chesapeake Bay (Waldbusser et al. 2011).

Increasingly acidic waters due to buildup of atmospheric carbon dioxide is diminishing Great Barrier Reef corals, robbing sharks of their predatory senses, and hindering sea stars and other calcifiers in their ability to store calcium carbonate, which is crucial in forming their protective skeletons.

Marine calcifiers exhibit mixed responses to CO2 - induced ocean acidification.

Previous CO2 rises on Earth happened so slowly that the accompanying ocean acidification was relatively minor, and ammonites and other planktonic calcifiers were able to cope with the changing ocean chemistry.

For corals and other calcifiers like sea urchins and shellfish, reductions in calcification may:

The calcium carbonate (CaCO3) in coral reefs and in the shells of other marine calcifiers comes in two different mineral forms: calcite and aragonite.

Examples of marine calcifiers from Kleypas et al. 2006: (a) coralline algae (photo by Nancy Sefton; courtesy NOAA / CORIS); (b) Halimeda (photo by James Watt; courtesy NOAA / NMFS); (c) benthic foraminifera (courtesy P. Hallock); (d) reef - building coral (Dendrogyra cylindrus; Cmdr William Harrigan, NOAA Corps; courtesy Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary); (e) deep - water coral (Lophelia pertusa; from 413 m depth off North Carolina.

The aragonite calcifiers — such as the well - known corals Porites and Acropora — have molecular «pumps» that enable them to regulate their internal acid balance, which buffers them from the external changes in seawater pH.

This task can be achieved by providing proxy - based reconstructions of seawater pH, carbonate ion concentrations, and pCO2 along with the response of the marine calcifiers during key intervals of the Late Quaternary.

And when Sebastian accidentally injects himself with heroin instead of a bone calcifier, Nobby has to assume his spy duties for him.

The possible increase in growth under acidified conditions in photosynthetic calcifiers (as coccolithophores are) has been discussed in the latest IPCC report and elsewhere.

Instead, as with photosynthesis, calcifiers actively uptake the more abundant bicarbonate ions and concentrate them in compartments.

[Arctic] waters will be corrosive to Arctic calcifiers such as pteropods, and bivalves such as clams, which play a key role in Arctic food webs.

New research, led by the University of Southampton, has questioned the role played by ocean acidification, produced by the asteroid impact that killed the dinosaurs, in the extinction of ammonites and other planktonic calcifiers 66 million years ago.

They argue that OA is one such area, and conclude that there is, at best, weak evidence to support an OA - driven decline of calcifiers.

Justin B. Ries, Anne L. Cohen, Daniel C. McCorkle; Marine calcifiers exhibit mixed responses to CO2 - induced ocean acidification.

«The marine calcifiers that live in polar regions are particularly vulnerable to the effects of ocean acidification, a progress which is reducing their mineralization capacity and forming calcium carbonate (CaCO3) skeletons used as a protective and supporting structure against predators» says Blanca Figuerola, main author of the scientific study.

In addition, more than one - third of the marine species living in the state's Puget Sound are calcifiers (shell - builders), meaning they could be especially sensitive to rising acidity.

Mean effect size is shown for all organisms combined (overall), calcifiers (orange) and noncalcifiers (green).

Studies of marine calcifiers (corals, crustaceans, and mollusks) indicate that most, but not all, exhibit reduced calcification with increased ocean acidification.

Workshop report: Impacts of Ocean Acidification on Coral Reefs and Other Marine Calcifiers, A Guide for Further Research (pdf, 8.9 M)

Acidification shifts the equilibrium of carbonate chemistry in seawater, reducing pH and the concentration of carbonate ions available for corals and other marine calcifiers to use to build their skeletons.

Atmospheric CO2 is absorbed by the ocean and results in a decrease in carbonate ion concentration, making carbonate ions unavailable to corals and other marine calcifiers.

The reduction of available carbonate ions is a problem for marine calcifiers (corals, crustaceans, and mollusks) who need the carbonate ions to build their shells and skeletons.

«While temperature is the near - term threat, acidification erodes the ability of corals and other calcifiers to keep pace with increasing numbers of extreme events,» said Ove Hoegh - Guldberg, a marine science professor at the University of Queensland.

It could be called «neutralization», although (a) the change is demonstrably detrimental to calcifiers and (b) «neutral» has a connotation of «natural» which would be incorrect.

As atmospheric CO2 levels continue to rise, we are embarking on a global experiment with as yet uncertain long - term consequences for many marine calcifiers.

All calcifiers use the more abundant bicarbonate ions and bicarbonate ions will be plentiful even if pH unrealistically fell to 6.0

To date, much of the focus of ocean acidification research has been on the response of calcifiers, both algae and invertebrates, to the changing carbonate system, with a particular preoccupation on one property: the hydrogen ion concentration [H +], which is frequently reported as pH owing to the relative ease of its measurement.

«Further, our hypothesis has implications for the response of marine calcifiers to ocean acidification.