Sentences with phrase «control cultures»

The researchers tested the approach in controlled cultures with different combinations of bacteria present, and were able to eliminate only the targeted strain.

To resolve the randomness of mutations in different environments, M&F used tightly controlled cultures of a bacterium whose growth was limited by each of the most important essential elements for life (i.e. hunger for carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus and iron).

Diabetic myotubes expressed a reduced basal glucose uptake compared with control cultures when precultured at equal low - insulin concentrations, and the increase in fractional velocity of GS was reduced after acute insulin stimulation at identical glucose uptake rates in diabetic cultures precultured at low insulin concentrations.

In this study, we extended this picture further, since the compensatory effect of hyperinsulinemia on GS in diabetic cultures can be eliminated at supraphysiological insulin concentrations, which induce insulin resistance in diabetic as well as control cultures.

After 500 generations under controlled CO2 conditions adapted cultures grew and calcified significantly better compared non-adapted control cultures when tested under ocean acidification conditions.

Acute insulin stimulation increased glucose transport by 21 % in control cultures precultured at 1 pmol / l insulin, but at higher insulin concentrations we could not detect an effect of insulin on glucose uptake.

However, this is unlikely given that the frequency of in - frame mutations remained stable over nearly four weeks in culture, that there was no significant increase in cell death between control cultures and those treated with X4 - ZFNs, and that the most common in - frame mutant was not expressed on the cell surface and thus can not maintain functionality.

We also found that after 19 days post-HIV infection, reduced but significant cell growth was detectable in several of the HIV - infected control cultures, untransduced and treated with R5 - ZFNs.

Type 2 diabetic cells exposed to 1 μmol / l insulin expressed a basal glucose transport activity similar to corresponding control cultures and significantly greater than the basal glucose transport activity seen under the other insulin conditions (P < 0.05).

The U-formed shape of the dose - response curve for type 2 diabetic cultures and the parallel curves for high insulin concentration in control cultures indicate that the mechanism for the primary defect is different from the mechanism responsible for the induced reduction in acute insulin stimulation of GS.

Pairing the extract with the antibiotic ciprofloaxin reduced E. coli and P. mirabilis biofilm formation by about 70 % and the two P. aeruginosa strains by 83 % and 54 %, compared with control cultures treated with just ciprofloaxin.

Good risk control cultures inculcate checks and balances.

An automated pH - controlled culture system for laboratory - based ocean acidification experiments

Lead a culture of safety across the site ensuring that steps are proactively taken to ensure compliance with health and safety requirements both by warehouse team and all contractors or other agency personnel working on site or under my control

Under vs. over Primary Control Discrepancies and Their Relationships to Well - Being in a Primary Control Culture

Acute insulin stimulation significantly increased the fractional activity FV0.1 of GS in control cultures in the range of 0.1 pmol / l to 0.1 nmol / l (P < 0.05) and in diabetic cultures in the range of 0.1 pmol / l to 1.0 nmol / l (P < 0.05), whereas higher insulin concentrations diminished the effect of acute insulin stimulation in a dose - dependent pattern.

Under all conditions investigated, we found a significant reduction in intracellular glucose content in type 2 cells compared with control cultures (Fig. 6A).

The military operates from a very cut - and - dried, command and control culture.

«Factors secreted by eight of the P. aeruginosa strains, for example, induced 100 to 1000 times more killing of S. aureus by vancomycin, compared to the control culture of S. aureus that was not exposed to P. aeruginosa factors,» Conlon said.

It spurred the fastest growth of fibroblast cells, with 17 per cent more cells formed after six days as in a control culture.

After one year, growth rates relative to the control cultures had increased slightly, but later hardly any increase could be detected — which is a contrast to many other evolution experiments.

Furthermore, in control cultures that were untransduced or treated with R5 - ZFNs, viral titers exponentially increased until extensive cell death began approximately 8 — 10 days post infection.

As seen in ccr5 wild type CD4 + T cells, exponential cell growth was preserved in cultures treated with X4 - ZFNs compared to control cultures that were untransduced or treated with R5 - ZFNs (Figure 5A).

Acute insulin stimulation significantly increased GS activity at 0.1 mmol / l in both diabetic (P < 0.0001) and control (P < 0.0001) cultures; however, GS activity at 10 mmol / l was unaffected by acute insulin stimulation in both culture types (P > 0.55 in diabetic and control cultures).

In contrast, increasing glycogen content seems to inhibit GS activity in control cultures.

Fig. 3 shows dose - response curves for the impact of insulin on the fractional velocity FV0.1 of GS in type 2 diabetic (Fig. 3B) and control cultures (Fig. 3A).

To get further insight into the differences between diabetic and control cultures, we compared the absolute differences between the basal and the insulin - stimulated state (ΔA0.5)(Fig. 4C).

However, we found that the G6P concentrations in type 2 diabetic culture and control cultures were comparable, indicating that type 2 diabetic cultures at euglycemia not are compensating for reduced FV0.1 by increasing the G6P concentration.

[cjs2113], control cultures; □, diabetic cultures.

C: The glycogen content in the basal state in control cultures (□) and in diabetic cultures -LRB-[cjs2113]-RRB- at the indicated insulin concentrations.

Furthermore, ΔA0.5 correlated with ΔFV0.1 in control cultures (r = 0.45, n = 64, P < 0.01) and in diabetic cultures (r = 0.54, n = 64, P < 0.01).

Diabetic and control cultures are indicated.

Comparing basal and insulin - stimulated GS activity between cultures exposed to different insulin concentrations did not reveal significant differences in control cultures or those established from type 2 diabetic subjects (P > 0.05).

Preculturing myotubes for 4 days at increasing insulin concentrations did not change the basal FV0.1 in diabetic or control cultures (Figs. 3A and B).

We evaluated the capacity for glucose uptake in control and diabetic cultures precultured under three different insulin concentrations and found that when precultured with 1 pmol / l and 1 nmol / l insulin, the basal glucose uptake was reduced by 30 % (P < 0.05) in diabetic cultures compared with control cultures (Fig. 5).

ΔFV0.1 was significantly lower for 0.1 — 1 pmol / l insulin in the diabetic cultures compared with control cultures (P < 0.05), but these differences disappear with increasing insulin concentration as ΔFV0.1 significantly increases in diabetic cultures.

For the determination of nonspecific DOG uptake, control cultures were incubated with phloretin (100 μg / ml).

GS activity measured at 0.1 and 10 mmol / l G6P was significantly lower in diabetic cultures than in control cultures (P < 0.0001).

A: Control cultures.

To get further insight into the differences between diabetic and control cultures, we compared the absolute differences between the basal and the insulin - stimulated state (ΔFV0.1) in control cultures and in those established from type 2 diabetic subjects (Fig. 3C).

The Hill coefficient was ∼ 1.0 for all culture conditions and did not vary with acute or chronic insulin stimulation in either control cultures or cultures established from diabetic subjects (P > 0.05, data not shown).

This results in a flatter organization and a lessened emphasis on the traditional, top - down, hierarchical, command - and - control culture.

A struggle to control culture: Incendiary comments, made by leaders who might otherwise have been expected to guide intelligent discussion, fueled the flames of cultural resentment.