Sentences with word «dopants»

It's also used in the semiconductor industry, where it measures the concentration of dopants in silicon wafers.

These co-crystals function in the role of dopant in place of the actual, pure doping molecules in such systems.

Although the device has a diode - like structure, its light - emitting system is not based on a diode system, which are made from layers of semiconductors, materials that act like a cross between a conductor and an insulator, the electrical properties of which can be controlled with the addition of impurities called dopants.

A vertical electrical field from dopant atoms of potassium added to the surface of a few stacked layers of phosphorene tunes the band gap of black phosphorous, possibly leading to novel electronic and optoelectronic devices.

The next step is to study the influence of dopants on voltage suppression with the aim of stabilizing the leftover electrons at lower energy levels.

With the use of lithium ions as dopant, researchers found it offered significant electronic conductivity and remained stable and reversible through thousands of cycles of charging and discharging energy.

Using a combination of spectro - photoelectron holography, electrical property measurements, and first - principles dynamics simulations, the 3D atomic structures of dopant impurities in a semiconductor crystal...

Understanding how these properties change is critical to using them to improve technologies, and crystalline film growth using dopants is an ideal means of making model oxide materials.

The chiral nematic LC was prepared by adding a chiroptical binaphthol derivative as a chiral dopant to a mixture of two nematic LCs.

Morosan said she has no plans to become a materials scientist or dramatically alter her lab's focus, but she said her group is planning to conduct follow - up tests to further investigate the crystal structure of beta titanium -3-gold and to see if chemical dopants might improve its hardness even further.

Unfortunately, elevated amounts of Yb dopants can rapidly diminish, or «quench», the generated light.

Efforts to improve the intensity of these emissions have focused on ytterbium (Yb) rare - earth dopants, as they are easily excitable with standard lasers.

We can vary it in any way we choose, and even produce gradients, i.e. progressively increase or decrease the concentration of dopant within the thickness of the film,» explains Sittinger.

Experiments revealed that the isolated Yb «energy clusters» inside this pill - shaped nanocrystal (see image) enabled substantially higher dopant concentrations than usual — Yb accounted for up to 98 per cent of the crystal's mass — and helped initiate multiphoton upconversion that yielded violet light with an intensity eight times higher than previously seen.

Key to the success of this approach are designer iridium photocatalysts that serve two roles: First, as the catalyst to build the emissive brush polymers, and then as a necessary dopant for the resulting OLED arrays.

As transistors get smaller and smaller, occupying ever - tinier regions of a silicon chip, it becomes increasingly likely that any given region (barely tens of nanometers across) may have too many or too few dopant atoms.

The random presence or absence of a single electricity - conducting dopant atom on the silicon surface can radically change the behavior of a transistor and lead to errors, even in digital mode.

Optical fibers generally are not able to transmit ultraviolet light because the short wavelength light can interact with dopants or impurities in the fibers, resulting in so - called «solarization» damage and extreme losses of beam intensity.

Sodium was the first dopant the researchers tried, and it produced the results they were looking for.

Recently, we have found that such a luminescent dopant can appear as byproducts in the course of TPCO chemical synthesis [1].

In an invited Perspective article in Surface Science, Dr. Scott Chambers of PNNL examines conductivity at the interface of polar and nonpolar complex oxides from outside the reigning paradigm and considers how unintentional dopants and defects, resulting from interfacial mixing, might affect the electronic properties.

«Moreover, defects and dopants appear to play a role in facilitating, if not enabling conductivity.»

They include: a) A new field of science, dubbed «useful hard x-ray chemistry,» wherein high energy, penetrating and focused x-rays are harnessed to initiate novel chemistry in isolated and sealed chambers, and b) Ion Beam Nuclear Transmutation Doping, a novel method to dope wide bandgap semiconductors using penetrating, high - energy protrons initiating nuclear transmutation to create dopant layers.

When small amounts of other atoms (called dopants) are inserted into the crystal structure of these materials, the properties of the oxides can change in surprising ways.

Various material properties were measured for the samples, including thermoelectric power, electrical resistivity, and thermal conductivity, to compare the effects of the two dopants on their thermoelectric characteristics.

Taking into account the TPCO and FPCO photoluminescence data, we discuss luminescent and photothermal techniques for study small amounts of dopants.

They found, in particular, that the vibrational frequency of lithium itself can be fine - tuned by tweaking its lattice structure, using chemical substitution or dopants to subtly change the structural arrangement of atoms.

The chromophore - like molecules, they reasoned, would function as «dopants,» converting energy captured from the matrix into light.

Most rare - earth nanocrystals have relatively uniform dopant distributions, but Liu and co-workers considered that a different crystal arrangement — clustering dopants into multi-atom arrays separated by large distances — could produce localized excited states that do not undergo migratory quenching.

«This renders high processing temperature undesirable, as temperature - induced damage, strains, metal spiking and unintentional diffusion of dopants may occur.»

They produce the materials by heating a readily available precursor material, which also allows them to incorporate triply charged europium ions, Eu3 +, as «dopants» into any of the LaOBr nanocrystals.

But we didn't know what to use as a dopant.»

The doping could be accomplished by incorporating a small amount of the dopant metal into the initial zirconium alloy matrix, so that this in turn gets incorporated into the oxidation layer that naturally forms on the metal, the team says.

So being able to predict the dopants that belong to each type is the essential trick to making an effective barrier.

Electroluminescence from this dopant - free two - terminal device is obtained by applying an AC voltage between the gate and the semiconductor.

A crystal is really just a very large macromolecule, and could be used for richly varied complex chemistry if assembled atom by atom into desired shapes with strategically placed defects and dopants.

Keun Su Kim, an amiable professor stationed at POSTECH speaks in rapid bursts when detailing the experiment, «We transferred electrons from the dopant — potassium — to the surface of the black phosphorus, which confined the electrons and allowed us to manipulate this state.

«We were only able to see these dopants, along with other semicrystalline impurities, through the use of lead solid - state NMR,» said Vela.

The material is notable for having the high superconducting temperature of 35K without the need for small amounts of additional elements (such as cobalt or nickel), called dopants.