Sentences with phrase «envelope protein»
The phrase "envelope protein" refers to a type of protein that surrounds or is found on the outer layer of a virus or cell. It helps the virus or cell interact with its environment and plays a crucial role in various biological processes. Full definition
«We are currently exploring how these mutations alter the structure of envelope protein and whether these changes will improve vaccines.»
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«Antiviral ingredients of Ci extracts target viral envelope proteins on infectious particles and prevent them from contacting host cells,» Brack - Werner explains.
The genesis of the new agent was basic research on HIV envelope protein structure and function, says Montelaro.
Koree Ahn, a 3 - D printing enthusiast, once brought two competing proposed structures of the HIV 1 envelope protein with him to a class discussion.
A human antibody specific for dengue virus locks viral envelope proteins into a conformation that prohibits viral entry.
For instance, STED microscopy was used to observe a major difference in envelope protein distribution that can be used to distinguish mature HIV that can infect cells versus those immature viruses that can not.
Vesicular stomatitis virus G glycoprotein; Broad tropism envelope protein used to psuedotype most lentiviral vectors.
The non-pathogenic vectors serve as gene shuttles to transport components of SIV, such as envelope proteins, into the target cells.
The first immunogens are those similar to the trimer outer Envelope protein of native HIV.
As a next step, the researchers extracted sugars from human tissues — adult brain and placenta — and tested whether and how tightly the Zika envelope protein bound.
The paper describes two new studies in which investigators evaluated the protective efficacy of an adenovirus serotype 26 (Ad26) vectored vaccine boosted with a purified envelope protein.
Researchers have already quantified their abundance of these cell envelope proteins and are learning their basic function, and in continued studies will screen compounds for activity against some of them.
Two accessory proteins orchestrate the Cpx - TCS: The periplasmic protein CpxP inhibits the Cpx - TCS in unstressed cells and detects misfolded envelope proteins; the outer membrane lipoprotein NlpE activates the Cpx - TCS during biofilm formation.
Most of the positive sera were also able to neutralise MLV particles pseudotyped with envelope proteins from other viruses, including vesicular stomatitis virus, indicating significant cross-reactivity in serological responses.
However, viruses pseudotyped with other envelope proteins may have a limited number of targets and therefore titers obtained in one cell type may not translate well to other cell types.
«If further research confirms this idea, vaccines containing envelope proteins that include these mutations might better stimulate antibody responses to HIV,» said Blish, a postdoctoral fellow in Overbaugh's lab.
Structural analysis revealed that 2D22 binds across multiple DENV envelope proteins, which probably blocks the ability of these proteins to assemble into the orientation necessary for viral entry.
Hybridomas were created in the Crowe lab, and the resulting monoclonal antibodies were isolated and then mixed with the viral surface envelope protein that is specific for the H7 bird flu virus.
VRC26 antibodies neutralize HIV by fastening to a region of the viral envelope protein known as the V2 apex.
The team used the technology to study motions of proteins on the surface of the HIV virus (called envelope proteins) that are key to the virus's ability to infect human immune cells carrying CD4 receptor proteins.
This image shows cell death of the human neural progenitor cells (hNPCs) is mark by cleaved caspase 3 in red, the nuclei of hNPCs are labeled by DAPI in white / grey, and the ZIKA virus is labeled by ZIKA virus envelope protein in green.
«In animals that have demyelinating brain lesions induced by these HERV envelope proteins, we see a dramatic stop to this process when we inject this antibody.»
But because the replicon does not produce whole viruses and their attendant envelope proteins, researchers can not use it to determine how HCV infects cells — a critical question that has frustrated all comers.
The data show the potential utility of envelope protein boosting following Ad26 priming.»
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus envelope protein regulates cell stress response and apoptosis.
Differential immune responses to HIV - 1 envelope protein induced by liposomal adjuvant formulations containing monophosphoryl lipid A with or without QS21.
Lentiviruses pseudo-typed with the VSV - G envelope protein use the LDL receptor to infect cells and have a broad host range.
Even before the lentiviral envelope protein attaches to cell surface receptors, other important binding events take place during the course of infection.
Vaxwave ® is based on lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) and in this vector the gene encoding the LCMV envelope protein, normally responsible for virus entry into target cells, has been deleted and replaced with a target gene of interest.
«Viruses for gene transfer to the lung could be engineered to contain JSRV envelope proteins, allowing them to specifically target lung cells.»
Kim Y - S, Wielgosz M, Hargrove P, Kepes S, Gray J, Persons D, Nienhuis A. Transduction of Human Primitive Repopulating Hematopoietic Cells with Lentiviral Vectors Pseudotyped with Various Envelope Proteins.
As the body produces antibodies to target the outer HIV envelope protein, this protein changes, thwarting the circulating antibodies» ability to neutralize it.
Two simple changes in its outer envelope protein could render the AIDS virus vulnerable to attack by the immune system, according to research from the Human Biology Division's Drs. Julie Overbaugh and Catherine Blish and undergraduate student Minh - An Nguyen.
«We started with the sugar heparin, which is highly negatively charged, and saw very tight binding with the Zika envelope protein.
A new study led by scientists at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (BIDMC) shows that an HIV - 1 vaccine regimen, involving a viral vector boosted with a purified envelope protein, provided complete protection in half of the vaccinated non-human primates (NHPs) against a series of six repeated challenges with simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV), a virus similar to HIV that infects NHPs.
We demonstrated direct interaction between CpxP and CpxA in unstressed cells and showed that this interaction is mitigated by high NaCl concentration and misfolded envelope proteins (Tschauner et al., 2014).
Ci extracts not only blocked different HIV isolates, but also virus particles carrying Marburg and Ebola viral envelope proteins.
To get a closer look at the interaction between the antibody and a fragment of the virus» envelope protein, scientists in Pamela J. Bjorkman's lab at Caltech determined the molecular structure formed as the two units interacted.
«Even before Zika, their blood samples likely had antibodies that could interact with this same spot on the envelope protein,» says Margaret R. MacDonald, a research associate professor in Rice's lab.
The team set out to find antibodies tuned to a particular target: a part of Zika's envelope protein, which the virus needs to launch an attack.
An infection begins when the virus, traveling in a spherical particle studded with the viral envelope protein, latches onto a host cell and forces its way in.
Structural analysis suggests that the antibodies block infection by targeting sites on the virus» envelope protein, which aids viral entry into cells.
«The cytoplasmic tail of gp41 has been of interest for a long time, and nobody understands how it functions in infection or how it helps incorporate the envelope protein into the membrane,» Saad said.
The rest of this HIV - 1 envelope protein, which is docked on a gray membrane, are the structures of gp120 and gp41, shown in green, and the transmembrane segment, shown in blue.
Saad says the structure opens up whole new areas of research: How the cytoplasmic tail stabilizes the envelope protein structure, how it affects membrane mobility of the envelope protein structure, and how it helps coordinate membrane - binding and the association of 2,000 HIV - 1 Gag polyproteins underneath the membrane surface.