"Epigenetic inheritance" refers to the transmission of changes in gene activity or function from one generation to the next, without altering the underlying DNA sequence. It means that certain external factors, such as the environment, lifestyle choices, or experiences, can affect how genes are expressed and pass on to future generations.
Full definition
But in recent years, researchers have shown that differences not related to DNA sequence can also be passed down, a phenomenon
called epigenetic inheritance.
«The ability of environmental factors to
promote epigenetic inheritance that subsequently promotes genetic mutations is a significant advance in our understanding of how the environment impacts disease and evolution,» they write.
Many researchers believe that these changes can be passed down through sperm and eggs — a mechanism known
as epigenetic inheritance.
The generation of human «lookalike» primordial germ cells is of importance for future fertility studies and the analysis of potential transgenerational
epigenetic inheritance in humans.
The improved sensitivity of μChIP - seq, developed jointly by Klugland, Ren and John Arne Dahl of Oslo University, led to «some remarkable discoveries that have completely changed our view of
epigenetic inheritance mechanisms,» says Ren.
«I think it's a fine paper [and a] well - designed study,» said Michael Skinner, who
studies epigenetic inheritance at Washington State University and was not involved in the study.
Lawrence Harper, a psychologist at the University of California at Davis, suggests that a wide array of personality traits, including temperament and intelligence, may be affected
by epigenetic inheritance.
This new insight into how chromosomes are disassembled and reassembled during cell division will allow researchers to begin answering basic questions
about epigenetic inheritance, as well as human disease such as chromosome disorders and cancer.
In studies that document parent - to -
child epigenetic inheritance, it's not clear what's being passed on, and understanding it molecularly is very complicated.
Giacomo Cavalli's crew has therefore proven the existence of Polycomb - mediated stable transgenerational
epigenetic inheritance dependent on 3D chromosomal structure.
Nutrient stress and social stress act via the innate immune system and cause the suppression of the immune system that links the proliferation of viruses to transgenerational
epigenetic inheritance via everything currently known about microRNAs and adhesion proteins.
Since then, various reports
suggested epigenetic inheritance in different organisms but the molecular mechanisms were unknown,» says Nicola Iovino, corresponding author in the new study.
The patterns of a type of molecule that
influences epigenetic inheritance, called small noncoding RNA, differed between the two groups, as did methylation patterns in the sperm DNA in the two groups, the team reports today in Cell Metabolism.
In particular, this new method will allow us to answer questions regarding transgenerational
epigenetic inheritance in humans.»
This phenomenon,
called epigenetic inheritance, has been implicated in a multitude of modern ills, enabling stresses experienced by one generation to be passed to the next, and resulting in conditions such as schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and obesity.
The idea
of epigenetic inheritance of sexual phenotypes solves the puzzle of why parthenogenetically - produced daughters carrying only maternal chromosomes exclusively develop into queens and why parental phenotypes (nymph - or worker - derived reproductives) strongly influence caste differentiation of offspring.
Some behavior is genetically - based, others from learning and
epigenetic inheritance.
«Because of
epigenetic inheritance, it may take several generations to turn around the impact of poverty or war or dislocation on a population.»
But researchers are turning up evidence suggesting that
epigenetic inheritance may be at work in humans as well.
«Transgenerational
epigenetic inheritance is not a solved field — it's very much in flux,» she said.
By conducting «microcosm» experiments that recreated natural environmental conditions, the researchers — working with INRA — confirmed that
epigenetic inheritance in Drosophila can be maintained in the wild.
Giacomo Cavalli's team at the Institute of Human Genetics (University of Montpellier / CNRS), in collaboration with the French National Institute for Agricultural Research (INRA), has demonstrated the existence of transgenerational
epigenetic inheritance (TEI) among Drosophila fruit flies.
«We are more than our DNA: Discovering a new mechanism of
epigenetic inheritance.»
An example of
epigenetic inheritance, this color diversity reflects varying degrees of heritable, but reversible, gene repression by PcG proteins.
Some biologists extrapolate findings from rodent studies of
epigenetic inheritance to humans, but others remain skeptical
Michael Skinner is a polarizing figure in an already contentious area of biology — transgenerational
epigenetic inheritance.
Lead researcher Dr Gabriella Ficz from QMUL's Barts Cancer Institute said: «It's surprising that cells from several healthy individuals are so permissive to gaining this epigenetic change and that one «hit» from an epigenetic editing tool is sufficient to set off this chain reaction of
epigenetic inheritance and establish a cancer cell - like gene expression signature.»
She hypothesises that
epigenetic inheritance is a short - term adaptation that allows the offspring to be programmed for a stressful environment, but one that can easily be erased if the stressor disappears.
Epigenetic inheritance has long been known in plants and yeast.
Epigenetic inheritance could explain the disparate coat colors of these genetically identical mice.
This is called transgenerational
epigenetic inheritance.
These methods, combined with quantitative, high - throughput, proteomic and genomic read - outs, will allow us to dissect the complex mechanisms governing chromatin dynamics, histone modifications and
epigenetic inheritance.
This process is called transgenerational
epigenetic inheritance.
Chromatin's complex structure regulates gene expression, DNA repair and
epigenetic inheritance.
Phrases with «epigenetic inheritance»