They downloaded sequences of more than 700 genes from organisms ranging from
fruit flies to humans and compared genes from closely related species.
In one fell swoop, scientists have increased from dozens to hundreds the number of known genes that control crucial steps in the development of many organisms from
fruit flies to humans.
«It's a bit [of a] jump
from flies to humans, but it's possible that something like this happens in mammals and humans,» Bath says.
Adult organisms ranging from fruit
flies to humans harbor adult stem cells, some of which renew themselves through cell division while others differentiate into the specialized cells needed to replace worn - out or damaged organs and tissues.
Summary of your Project 2 (with Jean - Yves Roignant and Rene Ketting): Gene expression during early development from fruit
fly to human depends almost exclusively on posttranscriptional mechanisms.
«Since these proteins are evolutionarily conserved from
fruit flies to humans, experiments of this type tell us a lot about how their human versions normally work or can go wrong.»
«Our studies are the first, to our knowledge, to identify a gene that plays a conserved role in aggression all the way
from flies to humans,» explains Anderson, who is also a Howard Hughes Medical Institute investigator.
Despite the fact that brain structure and complexity vary greatly from
flies to humans, Lef1 appears to mediate anxiety across species.
Slumber is known to improve recall in creatures from fruit
flies to humans, and the reigning theory among neuroscientists has been that the waves of brain activity during deep sleep reactivate neurons that were triggered during the day, strengthening neuronal connections and cementing them into solid memories.
The big thing then (as now), Ruvkun says, was for researchers to demonstrate that a gene of interest exists in a spectrum of different species — from roundworms and fruit
flies to humans.
The HIPPO molecular pathway works as a tumor suppressor that helps control organ development and size in most organisms, from fruit
flies to humans.
«If a DNA sequence has been conserved throughout evolution — from worm to
fly to human — it is very likely that the sequence is functionally relevant.»
«For the first time, we realized that the functions of essential kidney genes could be so similar from
the flies to humans.»
«85 % of these genes are required for nephrocyte function, suggesting that a majority of human genes known to be associated with NS play conserved roles in renal function from
flies to humans,» said Zhe Han, Ph.D., senior author of the paper and Associate Professor at the Centre for Cancer and Immunology Research at Children's National.
Like the Wnt signaling pathway, notum is highly conserved throughout species, from sea anenomes to fruit
flies to humans, but little is known about its roles in biology.
These patterns are seen in virtually all animals from
flies to humans, and it is estimated that 10 % of a given organism's genes show circadian changes.
Kerr goes deep into the biological and scientific definitions of fear, rather than dismissing the experience solely as an emotion... «Every organism, from the fruit
fly to the human, has a defense or threat response,» she reminds.