Sentences with phrase «guanine nucleotide»
A guanine nucleotide is a small molecule made up of three parts: guanine, a sugar molecule, and three phosphate groups. It is an essential building block for DNA and RNA, which are the molecules that carry genetic information in living organisms. Guanine nucleotides help provide the energy needed for various cellular processes and play a crucial role in protein synthesis and cell signaling. Full definition
The Cdc42 guanine nucleotide exchange factor FGD6 coordinates cell polarity and endosomal membrane recycling in osteoclasts.
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β - Arrestins, originally discovered in the context of heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide binding protein — coupled receptor (GPCR) desensitization, also function in internalization and signaling of these receptors.
The mammalian counterparts of Glo, known as heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein (hnRNP) F / H proteins, bind to RNAs containing stretches of guanine nucleotides known as G - tracts, and, rather than repressing translation, mammalian hnRNP F / H proteins regulate processes such as RNA splicing, in which RNAs are rearranged to produce alternative versions of the proteins they encode.
Furthermore, by adding guanine nucleotides at the end of sgRNA (single guided RNA) that composes CRISPR - Cas9, they have successfully created this highly - developed programmable nuclease, which has no measurable off - target effects in the human genome.
The specificity for coupling to the stimulatory guanine nucleotide regulatory protein lies within a region extending from the amino terminus of the fifth hydrophobic domain to the carboxyl terminus of the sixth.
The ability of morphine to alleviate pain is mediated through a heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein)-- coupled heptahelical receptor (GPCR), the μ opioid receptor (μOR).
One was the fact that the adenine - to - guanine nucleotide change had been previously associated with blond hair color in Northern Europeans in genome - wide association studies.
As expected, the mutational spectrum was enriched for G - > T and C - > A changes associated with adduct formation on guanine nucleotides induced by benzopyrene, the chemical mutagen found in tobacco smoke.
Evidence suggests that both alpha and beta gamma subunits of heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide - binding regulatory proteins (G proteins) inhibit adenylyl cyclase.
The two receptors are homologous with each other, rhodopsin, and other receptors coupled to guanine nucleotide regulatory proteins and they contain seven hydrophobic domains, which may represent transmembrane spanning segments.
Here, two ER to Golgi v - SNAREs, Bet1p and Bos1p, were shown to interact specifically with Sar1p, Sec23p, and Sec24p, components of the COPII coat, in a guanine nucleotide — dependent fashion.
Heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide - binding regulatory proteins (G proteins) dissociate into guanosine triphosphate (GTP)- bound alpha subunits and a complex of beta and gamma subunits after interaction with receptors.
The β2 - adrenergic receptor (β2AR) is a well - studied prototype for heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide — binding protein (G protein)-- coupled receptors (GPCRs) that respond to diffusible hormones and neurotransmitters.
In place of rungs, the twisting, four - sided tower has platforms with a guanine nucleotide on each of four corners, hence the name G - quadruplex.
They found that methylation levels correlated with Alzheimer's disease in 71 of 415,848 CpG markers analyzed (these are a pair of DNA building blocks consisting of a cytosine and a guanine nucleotide that are located next to each other).
Hormones and neurotransmitters may mediate common responses through receptors that couple to the same class of heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide — binding (G) protein.
Heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide — binding protein (G protein)-- coupled receptors constitute the largest family of eukaryotic signal transduction proteins that communicate across the membrane.
The guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for Rho, p115 RhoGEF, has an amino - terminal region with similarity to RGS proteins.
Members of the regulators of G protein signaling (RGS) family stimulate the intrinsic guanosine triphosphatase (GTPase) activity of the α subunits of certain heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide — binding proteins (G proteins).
Mechanistic investigations revealed that RASSF1A blocked tumor growth by stimulating cofilin / PP2A - mediated dephosphorylation of the guanine nucleotide exchange factor GEF - H1, thereby stimulating its ability to activate the antimetastatic small GTPase RhoB.
The presence of a guanine nucleotide at rs9349379 was associated with higher levels of the endothelin - 1 precursor protein produced by EDN1, as well as higher rates of coronary artery disease and lower rates of migraine headache, cervical artery dissection, fibromuscular dysplasia, and hypertension.
The researchers zeroed in on a single - nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) that appeared to be the causal mutation, typically consisting of an adenine nucleotide but appearing as a guanine nucleotide in roughly a third of the population, located in a region of noncoding DNA that falls within the PHACTR1 gene.
Depletion of dynamin - binding protein or Tuba, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor, disrupted renal ciliogenesis in cell culture and led to abnormal kidney morphology in a Tuba knockdown zebrafish model of PKD.
In the JBC article, Lipschutz and his MUSC coauthors go a step further — showing in cell culture and a zebrafish model that depletion of Tuba, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor required for Cdc42 activation, also disrupts renal ciliogenesis.