Sentences with phrase «initiation factor»

mTORC1 is the central component of the insulin - signaling cascade [insulin / insulin - like growth factor (IGF)-- phosphatidylinositol 3 - kinase (PI3K) pathway)(Fig. 1) that regulates protein synthesis and mRNA translation through 2 primary mechanisms: 1) inactivation of the repressor of mRNA translation, eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E - binding protein 1 (eIF4E - BP1), and 2) the activation of 70 - kDa ribosomal protein S6 kinase.

They showed genetically that there was an additional response coming from the transcription factor — Forkhead box O (Foxo)-- which in turn enhances the transcription of one of the translational regulators: eukaryotic initiation factor 4E binding protein (4E - BP).

The structure defines the interactions that RNA polymerase and the transcription initiation factor sigma make with DNA upstream of a gene.

Gray and cyan ribbons, Mtb RNAP; yellow and orange ribbons, transcription initiation factor sigma; red and pink ribbons, DNA (specific sequence elements in blue).

Before, that protein was thought to be just one of a dozen or so general initiation factors required for mRNA translation.

Once activated, PKR will place a phosphate (a process known as phosphorylation) onto a key initiation factor needed for the synthesis of all proteins, called eIF2 - alpha.

We also show that a general repression of translation, mediated by the phosphorylation of translation initiation factor eIF2 at serine 51 (P - eIF2α), is required to maintain the quiescent state.

In the mice with prion disease, Mallucci disrupted this process by neutralising the gene — called eukaryotic translation initiation factor, or eIF2alpha - P — that halts protein production.

Until now, this initiation protein was thought to be eIF4E (eukaryotic initiation factor 4E) for all mRNAs.

subunit (black and gray) and a domain of the transcription initiation factor?

Here, we provide evidence that mTOR signaling phosphoproteins, including mTOR, eukaryotic initiation factor 4E — binding protein - 1, p70S6K, and ribosomal protein S6, are highly phosphorylated in ALK + ALCL cell lines and tumors.

My Royal Society Travelling Fellowship took us to Basel, Switzerland, for me to study the signalling pathways involved in the phosphorylation of translation initiation factors.

Called eukaryotic translation initiation factor, or eIF2alpha - P, the gene generates a protein that needs to have a chemical grouping called a phosphate group attached to it to halt the protein production line.

The team confirmed that guanabenz acts by temporarily blocking the reactivation of a protein known as eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 (eIF2α).

Xie's lab also has shown that Bam inactivates the function of another promoter of GSC self - renewal, the eukaryotic initiation factor - 4A (eIF4A), which plays a role in gene expression.

«These RNA molecules will fold into shapes that appear to mimic some of the initiation factors that that you would find in eukaryotic translation,» he says.

The finding was a surprise because the protein is part of a larger assembly of proteins called eIF3 - eukaryotic initiation factor 3 — that has been known and studied for nearly 50 years, and no one suspected it's undercover role in the cell, Cate said.

The research centered on eukaryotic initiation factor 2 alpha (eIF2alpha) and two enzymes that modify it with a phosphate group; this type of modification is termed phosphorylation.

Finally, the protein kinase PERK signals translational attenuation through phosphorylation of the alpha subunit of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 (eIF2a) on serine residue 51.

The translation initiation factor, eIF4E, is an indirect target of mTOR because it is released by phosphorylation of its repressor 4E - BP1 by mTOR - raptor complex, thereby stimulating cap - dependent translation (7, 11, 12).

For example, previous studies have shown that eukaryotic translation initiation factor (eIF4E) and cyclic AMP responsive element B (CREB) are known to be activated by radiation [37 - 40].

mTOR - raptor also leads to phosphorylation and inactivation of the eukaryotic initiation factor 4E (eiF4E)-- binding protein - 1 (4E - BP1), dissociating 4E - BP1 from the RNA cap - binding protein eIF4E, thus promoting cap - dependent translation of mRNA (7, 11, 12).

Eukaryotic Initiation Factor 4a3 is a selenium - regulated RNA - binding protein that selectively inhibits selenocysteine incorporation.

For example, EIF4G3 encodes a eukaryotic translation initiation factor, and mutations in this gene have been shown to cause male limited infertility in mice by inducing meiosis and spermatogenesis arrest in meiotic prophase [58].