The phrase
"insulin concentrations" refers to the amount or level of insulin present in the body at a given time. Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas that helps regulate blood sugar levels. Therefore,
insulin concentrations refer to how much insulin is circulating in the bloodstream, which is important for maintaining proper glucose (sugar) control in the body.
Full definition
These findings of lower insulin sensitivities and higher
insulin concentrations in male cats may explain why male cats have a greater risk of developing obesity and diabetes than female cats (3).
This new environment will, like the in vivo environment or
high insulin concentration in our experiment, influence cell metabolism in a new way, thereby diminishing previous metabolic influences.
For example, during the first days of fasting,
insulin concentrations slightly decrease, encouraging a switch from our body using glucose to using fat as a main source of energy.
The Relationship between Nigerian Bonnylight Crude Oil - Induced Hypoglycaemia and Endogenous
Serum Insulin Concentration in Male Wistar Rats: The Role of Antioxidant Vitamins C and E
The enhanced hiPS - HEP cells respond to insulin with phosphorylation of protein kinase B - α (Akt), even at
low insulin concentrations, and the genes involved in glycogen metabolism, gluconeogenesis, and insulin signaling are expressed at similar levels as in hphep cells.
Mean
fasting insulin concentrations in children and adults showed a tendency to be lower in the breastfed subjects than in the formula - fed subjects, which raises the possibility of emerging differences in insulin resistance between the breastfed and formula - fed groups.
On day 4 after induction of differentiation, established cell cultures were exposed to 4 days of
different insulin concentrations (0.1 pmol / l, 1.0 pmol / l to 1.0 μmol / l at 5.5 mol / l glucose).
Acute insulin stimulation increased glucose transport in type 2 cultures to corresponding values at
insulin concentrations of 1 pmol / l and 1 nmol / l, but it decreased in type 2 cultures precultured at 1 μmol / l (P < 0.05).
Acute insulin stimulation significantly decreases A0.5 for GS in diabetic cultures precultured at 0.1 nmol / l to 0.1 μmol / l insulin, whereas higher or lower
chronic insulin concentrations diminished the effect of acute insulin stimulation (Fig. 4B).
Acute insulin stimulation significantly increased the fractional activity FV0.1 of GS in control cultures in the range of 0.1 pmol / l to 0.1 nmol / l (P < 0.05) and in diabetic cultures in the range of 0.1 pmol / l to 1.0 nmol / l (P < 0.05), whereas higher
insulin concentrations diminished the effect of acute insulin stimulation in a dose - dependent pattern.
Neville, M.C., Sawicki, V.S., Hay, W.W. Jr 1993, Effects of fasting, elevated plasma glucose and plasma
insulin concentrations on milk secretion in women.
Interestingly, only male cats had significantly increased
basal insulin concentrations after weight gain, and the absolute concentrations tended to be higher than in obese female cats.
The study found that ingestion of the very high molecular weight carbohydrate resulted in faster and greater increase in blood glucose and serum
insulin concentration compared to the low molecular weight carb and the placebo.
In this study, we extended this picture further, since the compensatory effect of hyperinsulinemia on GS in diabetic cultures can be eliminated at
supraphysiological insulin concentrations, which induce insulin resistance in diabetic as well as control cultures.
Our data suggest that insulin resistance in patients with type 2 diabetes comprises at least two important defects under
physiological insulin concentrations: a reduced glucose transport under basal conditions and a reduced GS activity under acute insulin stimulation, implicating a reduced glucose uptake in the fasting state and a diminished insulin - mediated storage of glucose as glycogen after a meal.
Comparing basal and insulin - stimulated GS activity between cultures exposed to different
insulin concentrations did not reveal significant differences in control cultures or those established from type 2 diabetic subjects (P > 0.05).
In contrast, higher
postprandial insulin concentrations and increased fat oxidation with breakfast skipping suggest the development of metabolic inflexibility in response to prolonged fasting that may in the long term lead to low - grade inflammation and impaired glucose homeostasis.
In contrast, type 2 diabetic cultures precultured at very high
insulin concentrations expressed an increased basal glucose uptake and a reduced insulin stimulated uptake.
However, this increase in basal glucose transport under very high
insulin concentrations seems to be explained by an increased GLUT1 expression (10).
Cinnamon does this by enhancing the activity of signal proteins in the muscle cells whereupon cells with the
same insulin concentration absorb more glucose (source).
There was a trend for a significant breakfast pattern (EB or OB)- by - visit (before intervention or after intervention) interaction for the peak serum insulin concentration [P = 0.07, two - factor ANOVA (factors are intervention and visits)-RSB-.
Acute insulin stimulation significantly decreases A0.5 for GS in cultures precultured at 0.1 pmol / l to 0.1 nmol / l and 10 — 100 nmol / l insulin, whereas higher
chronic insulin concentrations diminished the effect of acute insulin stimulation (Fig. 4A).
ΔFV0.1 was significantly lower for 0.1 — 1 pmol / l insulin in the diabetic cultures compared with control cultures (P < 0.05), but these differences disappear with
increasing insulin concentration as ΔFV0.1 significantly increases in diabetic cultures.
Mean (± SE)
insulin concentrations during the test period after the high - glycemic - index (HGI; •), low - glycemic - index (LGI; ▪), and HGI with lactulose (HGI - Lac; ▴) breakfasts.
The appearances under phase - contrast microscope of human satellite cell cultures during proliferation and differentiation are shown in Figs. 1a and b. Cell cultures were allowed to differentiate for 4 days before cell cultures were exposed to the
different insulin concentrations for 4 days as described in research design and methods.
A0.5 values after acute insulin stimulation in the range of 1 pmol / l to 1 nmol / l are lower than A0.5 values at
insulin concentrations of 0.1 — 1.0 μmol / l (Fig. 4B).
Phrases with «insulin concentrations»