Sentences with phrase «liquid sodium»

However, it was shut down after just four months when about 700 kilograms of liquid sodium leaked from the secondary cooling loop.

Fast breeder reactors These reactors are cooled by liquid sodium, which is not an efficient moderator.

He and local fire safety officers had to get creative because liquid sodium is so dangerous.

Previous reactors used a pool of liquid sodium metal.

40 liters of liquid sodium are enclosed between the two spheres.

Hans Bethe, Manhattan Project scientist and Nobel laureate, calculated in 1956 that if a breeder's liquid sodium coolant leaked out, it could melt in 40 seconds, become a small unintended atom bomb and spontaneously explode.

GE Hitachi Nuclear Energy is developing the Power Reactor Innovative Small Modular (PRISM) reactor, which uses liquid sodium as a coolant.

Harvard University scientist David Keith and his team are working on making a machine capable of pulling CO2 from the air using liquid sodium hydroxide, also known as lye, and then reheating it to release the CO2, allowing for continuous operation.

As can be shown in the diagram, the primary liquid sodium system is located within the containment vessel.

As can be seen in the diagram from the Idaho National Laboratory's website, the intermediate liquid sodium transfers heat through the metal structure of the steam generator to water which is circulating on the secondary side.

Both forced liquid sodium in cylindrical tanks to flow in a helical pattern — a twisty motion that was enough for the fluid to generate a dynamo.

Automatic Electronic Solution Strength Control: An electronic controller and in - line probe are used for safe and accurate dosing of liquid sodium hydroxide from its storage vessel to the Cooker tank.

However, it was shut down only four months later after about 700 kilograms of liquid sodium leaked from the secondary cooling loop and, although there were no injuries and no radioactivity escaped plant buildings, this was compounded by operator attempts to cover up the scale of the damage.

Both aSMR designs share fundamental features, such as high energy neutrons, liquid sodium cooling and metallic fuel, which provide inherent safety performance and more economically competitive plant architecture compared to traditional water - cooled reactors.

It uses a copper cylinder filled with liquid sodium stirred by a disk at each end.

JohnL — many of the technological components that would be used in an IFR reactor (liquid sodium heat exchange, fast breeder reactor etc) exist within the Russian BN - 600 reactor which went into service in 1980 and is still operating today.

All other sodium reactors use oxide fuels, while PRISM uses a metal fuel, an alloy of zirconium, uranium, and plutonium, and the fuel rods sit in a bath of liquid sodium at atmospheric pressure.

Liquid sodium filling the space between the inner and outer spheres replaces the planet's liquid iron outer core.

To compensate for this difficulty, INL researchers are developing computer simulations that model the way liquid sodium acts inside a fast reactor.

To obtain this result, they modeled Earth's outer core using liquid sodium enclosed between two rotating concentric metal spheres, a set - up they dubbed the Derviche Tourneur Sodium (DTS) experiment.1

Just for fun, the scientists worked to re-create Adrià's caviar pearls by dropping liquid sodium alginate and fruit juice into a calcium solution.

Although liquid sodium becomes extremely radioactive due to neutron activation during normal reactor operation, most (all but two) radioactive sodium isotopes have a half - life of less than a minute, and therefore pose minimal long - term risks.

As can be seen in the diagram, the primary liquid sodium enters through the side of the IHX and then flows downward before exiting the IHX.

Last, the ultimate inherently safe reactors the nuclear industry wants to build are the same liquid sodium fast breeder reactors that can explode or melt down.

Although the flow path of the intermediate liquid sodium is not clear from the diagram, it enters the IHX through the top of the IHX and flows to the bottom, where it then U-turns and flows upwards where it finally flows out of the IHX just below the point where it entered.

Novel design The trouble with fast reactors has largely been related to what's used to cool them — liquid sodium in the case of GE's PRISM and many others.

However, the IFR is, I believe, cooled with liquid sodium, necessitating an extra heat exchange loop for safety.

ARC's ARC - 100 modular 100 MWe model would use a «novel» metal alloy fuel, with the uranium - fuelled reactor core submerged in a tank of liquid sodium at ambient pressure.

It would be equipped to use liquid sodium hydroxide, which converts to sodium carbonate as it pulls CO2 from the wind stream.

About 700 kilograms of liquid sodium leaked from the secondary cooling loop and, although there were no injuries and no radioactivity escaped plant buildings, this was compounded by operator attempts to cover up the scale of the damage.

According to the PRISM Preapplication Safety Evaluation report submitted to the NRC in February of 1994, the PRISM reactor will be cooled by liquid sodium.

In this miniature model of Earth's core, 40 litres of liquid sodium (an electrically conducting fluid) is enclosed in the space between two concentric spheres.

Flip another switch and the spheres begin whirling like dervishes, churning the liquid sodium between them.

Liquid sodium is an ideal coolant in that, unlike water, it does not impede the movement of fast neutrons.

But liquid sodium is opaque, making it hard for reactor operators to monitor heat transfer.

Under these conditions, the liquid sodium is subjected to a strong magnetic field and to fast rotation, as would be expected in Earth's core, and undergoes both large - scale motion and random fluctuations.

The French government ordered it to be shut down in 1987 and again two years ago after persistent leaks in its liquid sodium cooling circuits.

Superphenix the French fast - breeder reactor shut down in 1990 because air leaked into its liquid sodium coolant, can not start up again until a public inquiry has been held, Prime Minister Pierre Beregovoy announced this week.

L: You percolate the liquid sodium carbonate over solid calcium hydroxide, and the calcium catches the carbon.

Metal's ability to transfer heat more efficiently means that PRISM's ultimate heat sink — where the 500 - degree C heat from the liquid sodium gets dumped — is air rather than water.

For example, the piping in the PRISM that carries the liquid sodium coolant around the reactor has two layers.

This outside container serves as the positive electrode, while the liquid sodium serves as the negative electrode.

This ensures efficient transfer of heat from the metal fuel to the liquid sodium coolant.

Instead of water, liquid sodium is typically used as a coolant because the sodium atoms are so much larger and heavier than neutrons that when they collide the neutrons simply ricochet off the sodium atom - much a like a small bullet ricocheting off a thick plate metal.

The heat from the primary liquid sodium is transferred through the metal structure of the IHX to the liquid sodium flowing through intermediate side.

At least part of the reason for this is that liquid sodium would ignite spontaneously if it comes into contact with air.

As the liquid sodium flows up through the core containing the nuclear fuel, heat is transferred from the fuel to the sodium.

The purpose of having the intermediate liquid sodium loop is a precautionary measure to allow reactor operators time to shutdown and isolate the primary liquid sodium system in the event that the radioactive liquid somehow leaks into the intermediate loop.

Once the liquid sodium reaches the top of the reactor vessel, it is at its hottest.