Ice loss during June continued at a fast pace (Figure 2), the fastest rate observed during the month of June in the satellite data record (1979 - present), resulting in a new
record low sea ice extent in June 2010.
After summer sea ice extent dipped to its second - lowest on record, abnormally warm land and ocean temperatures slowed sea ice re-growth, leading 2016 to surpass the record year of 2012 for
lowest sea ice extent on record in October (see Arctic sea ice extent image to the right).
The first half of 2017 has seen record
low sea ice extents at both poles and near - record global average temperatures — despite the absence of a...
Jonathan Bamber, director of the Bristol Glaciology Centre at the University of Bristol, UK, says: «We have already seen an unusually early start to melting around the margins of Greenland in 2016 and the new findings from NSIDC of exceptionally
low sea ice extent for May and the lowest Northern Hemisphere snow cover in April for 50 years is in line with the longer - term, decadal trends for the Arctic as a whole,» said
The major areas of anomalous warmth were around the Arctic, which also saw record
low sea ice extent during January and February.
Although there is still definitely a declining trend in Arctic sea ice (2009 and 2008 were still the second and
third lowest sea ice extents, after 2007) there was a lot of hype surrounding the 2007 minimum even though that was partly just natural variability in the Arctic climate.
2012 holds the record for all
time lowest sea ice extent at 1.31 million square miles (3.39 million square kilometers), yet the early September rate of decline in 2016 greatly exceeded the rate observed for the same period in 2012.
Although officially both institutes speak of a
second lowest sea ice extent, they actually confirm what scientists of the University of Bremen stated, namely that during the September minimum even the «historic» 2007 melting record has been broken.
Tied for
fourth lowest sea ice extent, in a three - way tie for lowest sea ice volume, the fastest one month sea ice loss for the date, and unusual Arctic cyclone activity affecting the decayed ice of the polar regions, focus just on the lake too trivializes what's happening in a region the size of the Arctic Ocean.
Summer meteorological current conditions and projections this summer (see Figures 9 - 11) do not favor extreme mid to late summer sea ice loss in 2016, as occurred in 2007 and 2012,
despite low sea ice extents at the beginning of summer.
Indeed the last five years include the five
lowest sea ice extents since records began in 1979, and much of that trend has been caused by global warming, says NASA Cryosphere Program manager Tom Wagner in his video interpretation of the 2011 sea ice record (43 MB MPEG - 4).
«This warmth as well as unusual weather patterns have led to the record
low sea ice extents so far this year.»
Joey Comiso, a NASA sea ice expert, said the continued pattern of
low sea ice extents fits into the large - scale decline that has unfolded over the past three decades.
The situation for the state of the Arctic sea ice this year is already critical, since April 2015 set the
2nd lowest sea ice extent record (NSIDC).
With that type of mild weather, it's not surprising that January also had a record
low sea ice extent for the month.
Oral Questions - Record -
low sea ice extent in the Arctic Ocean during the past year - Lord Giddens; Government projection of the likely future of oil prices - Lord Sheldon; Reducing inequalities in health provision in line with the objectives of the NHS Mandate - Baroness Williams of Crosby; Plans to train and register health care support workers - Lord Willis of Knaresborough
In addition, the report notes that three of the warmest years on record — 2014, 2015 and 2016 — occurred since the last report was released; those years also had record -
low sea ice extent in the Arctic Ocean in the summer.
February saw record
low sea ice extent, with ice running a significant 448,000 square miles below average.
However, ice loss slowed through the second half of July as weather grew colder in the Arctic, and by the end of the month was slightly above conditions in 2007, in which
the lowest sea ice extent ever was measured.
Already the sea ice extent is tracking below this time in 2007, which remains the record year for
the lowest sea ice extent.
Updating this analysis using observational data through 2011 (not even including the 2012 record
low sea ice extent), the 32 - year trend (1979 - 2011) is -530 thousand square km per decade, and the 20 - year trend is -700 thousand square km per decade.
Despite being at opposite points of their annual cycle, the Arctic and Antarctic had something in common in March 2017: record -
low sea ice extents.
In addition to the record - breaking retreat of sea ice, NSIDC scientists also noted that the date of
the lowest sea ice extent, or the absolute minimum, has shifted to later in the year.
2012 shattered the previous record
low sea ice extent; hence «regression towards the mean'told us that 2013 would likely have a higher minimum extent,» wrote Dana Nuccitelli.
The lowest sea ice extent on record occurred in 2007, followed closely by 2011, 2008, 2010, and 2009.
Following the record warm Arctic winter,
the lowest sea ice extent at the seasonal maximum in the satellite era, and the lowest ice extent in the months of May and June; the current sea ice cover remains below normal (see Figures 6a and 6b).
The six
lowest sea ice extents have all occurred in the past six years, a sign of the rapid disappearance of summer sea ice in the Far North, a development that may have far - reaching implications for weather patterns in the northern hemisphere in particular.