Sentences with phrase «mammalian genes»

Steve Brown, MRC Harwell - Relevance of an encyclopedia of mammalian gene function for precision medicine initiatives

The International Mouse Phenotyping Consortium (IMPC) comprises a group of major mouse genetics research institutions along with national funding organisations formed to address the challenge of developing an encyclopedia of mammalian gene function.

Methylation of mammalian DNA and histone residues are known to regulate transcription, and the discovery of demethylases that remove methylation in DNA and histones provide a basis for the understanding of dynamic regulation of mammalian gene expression.

Secondly, they enable the use of animals with physiology more similar to humans rather than mice, which are the animal of choice for most mammalian gene knockout models.

In fact, the olfactory receptors (7 - transmembrane GPCRs) are encoded by the largest mammalian gene superfamily consisting of more than 1000 genes (13).

Chemical modifications such as DNA methylation control mammalian genes, serving as bookmarks for when a gene should be used — a phenomenon known as epigenetics.

Testing each of the roughly 22,000 mammalian genes against miRNAs one by one, to see which ones are controlled by the molecules, is inordinately painstaking and costly.

But about 1 percent of mammalian genes choose sides, a phenomenon called genomic imprinting.

I also had a grant to study mammalian gene expression.

One of the most important tools at our scientific disposal in understanding mammalian gene function is the laboratory mouse.

The result was the discovery of three new mammalian genes - known as sonic, Indian, and desert hedgehog - and the realization that the proteins they coded accounted for a significant proportion of all developmental interactions known to occur in the vertebrate embryo.

Alternative splicing affects most mammalian genes, and effectively enables the production of distinct protein variants (called isoforms) from the same gene.

A third, more basic, project in our lab concerns the transcription and splicing of very large mammalian genes.

The goal of the IMPC is to develop a comprehensive catalogue of mammalian gene function.

Among their many contributions, he and his colleagues showed in the late»70s that, contrary to what previous reports had suggested, overall amounts of active messenger RNA in the rat brain do not decrease with aging, further bolstering the idea that mammalian gene expression remains largely normal into senescence.

The IMPC is a federation of phenotyping projects to carry out systemic phenotyping of mouse lines for each of the approximately 20.000 protein - coding genes in the mammalian genome in order to create an encyclopaedia of mammalian gene function.

Take Oliver Smithies, who shared the 2007 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for the development of gene targeting in mice, which allows researchers to study the function of virtually any mammalian gene by taking it out of the equation.

Cutting out so many genes from the analysis and then saying the rate applies to all mammalian genes is a little unfair, says evolutionary biologist Michael Lynch of Indiana University in Bloomington.

«Instead of devoting 6 months to a year figuring out how to turn off expression [of a mammalian gene], people will be able to go in and in a week turn off the expression of 10 genes.»

Now an exhaustive survey of RNA production has revealed that in almost three - quarters of mammalian genes, the other, «antisense» strand is copied too and may participate in many, perhaps all, cell functions.

These include a Comparative Vertebrate Sequencing Initiative, the ENCODE Project, and the Mammalian Gene Collection Program.

Establish collaborative «networks» with specialist phenotyping consortia or laboratories, providing standardized secondary phenotyping that enriches the primary dataset, and end - user, project specific tertiary level phenotyping that adds value to the mammalian gene functional annotation and fosters hypothesis driven research.