A team led by Dr Peter Fineran of the Department of Microbiology and Immunology are studying the genetic basis
of adaptive immunity in bacteria that cause potato «soft rot» and in E. coli bacteria.
Spontaneous hyper -
activation of adaptive immunity against the intestinal microbiota, secondary to innate immune deficiency, may clarify the underlying mechanisms of inflammatory diseases where immune dysfunction is implicated.
«Recent successes in cancer immunotherapy — in the form of immune checkpoint inhibitors and adoptive T cell transfer — demonstrate how activated immune cells can eradicate tumors, but until now we didn't fully appreciate immunosurveillance or the
role of adaptive immunity in tumor formation,» said senior author Michael Karin, PhD, Distinguished Professor of Pharmacology and Pathology at UC San Diego School of Medicine.
With respect to biological applications, the group is focusing on how cellular heterogeneity and cell - to - cell communication drive ensemble - level decision - making in the immune system, with an emphasis on «two - body» interaction (e.g., host cell - virus interactions, innate immune
control of adaptive immunity, tumor infiltration by immune cells).
Experimental elimination of these cells in a variety of bacterial infections worsens infection, especially in the
absence of adaptive immunity.
Until recently, experimental models of transplantation have focused primarily on the T cell
arm of adaptive immunity as the entire cause of acute and chronic rejection.
The U.S. Food Intake Survey provided studies in 2014 that suggests the impacts of certain foods, like mushrooms, «may support healthy immune and inflammatory responses through interactions with the gut microbiota, enhancing * the
development of adaptive immunity, and improved * immune cell functionality.»