In this month's issue of Scientific American, contributor Gareth Cook interviews Rebecca Saxe, an associate professor
of cognitive neuroscience at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, about her work applying «theory of mind» to the discord between Palestinians and Israelis as well as conflicts between Arizonans who are Mexican immigrants and those who are U.S. citizens.
«After training we see massively increased performance on memory tests,» says first author Martin Dresler, assistant
professor of cognitive neuroscience at Radboud University Medical Center in Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Angela Friederici of the Max Planck
Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience in Germany and colleagues first taught a group of adults an artificial language, dubbed BRONCANTO, that has simple yet highly controlled grammar rules.
And as will be presented today at the 25th annual
meeting of the Cognitive Neuroscience Society (CNS), cognitive neuroscientists increasingly are using those emerging artificial networks to enhance their understanding of one of the most elusive intelligence systems, the human brain.
«An interesting aspect is the typical hyper - social predisposition,» said study co-author Ursula Bellugi, EdD,
director of the cognitive neuroscience lab at Salk and an adjunct professor at UC San Diego who has studied WS for years.
Studies at the Mangels
Lab of Cognitive Neuroscience of Memory and Attention at Baruch College at the City University of New York found that when math is taught in a stressful and high pressure atmosphere where students do not feel successful, this can lead to significant math anxiety which inhibits math performance.
The study, conducted by Francesca Filbey, Ph.D., Director
of Cognitive Neuroscience Research of Addictive Behaviors at the Center for BrainHealth and her colleagues, shows that risk - taking teens exhibit hyperconnectivity between the amygdala, a center responsible for emotional reactivity, and specific areas of the prefrontal cortex associated with emotion regulation and critical thinking skills.
Marilyn Albert is the Director of the
Division of Cognitive Neuroscience in the Department of Neurology at Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and Director of the Johns Hopkins Alzheimer's Disease Research Center.
«Other studies have evaluated the effects on older athletes, such as retired NFL players, but no one has studied 20 - year - olds until now — and the results were remarkable and surprising,» said Patrick S.F. Bellgowan, director
of cognitive neuroscience for LIBR and a faculty member at TU.
Such highly hypnotizable subjects can open a window into hitherto unexplored
domains of cognitive neuroscience and give fresh impetus to the budding science of consciousness studies.
Chief of the Cognitive Neuroscience Section at NINDS, he is a researcher with a longtime interest in trying to understand how the brain works when people are identifying with cultural phenomena and beliefs.
«The big punch line is that all things being equal, your reward system fires off a lot more when you're giving than when you're taking,» says Grafman, who is chief
of the cognitive neuroscience section at the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke.
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Until recently, such topics would have been out of the
reach of cognitive neuroscience for lack of methods; today, functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) allows researchers to watch the brain «in action» as normal human participants make decisions about responsibility and punishment.
«Young
students of cognitive neuroscience are lucky to be in the midst of a new era where we have access to amazing new tools of science for eavesdropping on the population of cells with a superb temporal resolution,» Parvizi says.
To find the answers, Phelps uses the tools and
principles of cognitive neuroscience, a discipline that explores how the brain gives rise to the mind: how neuroanatomy and the electrical activity of nerve cells relate to thoughts and actions.
«The
dream of cognitive neuroscience is going from molecules to behavior by way of the brain,» says Gary Marcus, a psychologist at New York University, and author of Guitar Zero: The New Musician and the Science of Learning.
Milner pioneered an entirely new scientific discipline — which Nobel Prize winner Eric Kandel described as creating the new field
of cognitive neuroscience by merging neurology and psychology.
It was based on my years of teaching experiences; my traditional martial art Goju Karate studies, training and teaching; my elite sports karate training; my doctoral research in the
areas of cognitive neuroscience and brain plasticity; and also my associated studies in psychology, the sports sciences, guidance and counselling, leadership and management, health counselling and communication studies.
Her current research within the Laboratories
of Cognitive Neuroscience focuses on auditory and language processing in the human brain and its applications for the development of typical and atypical language and literacy skills.
Recognizing rhythms doesn't involve just parts of the brain that process sound — it also relies on a brain region involved with movement, researchers report online January 18 in the
Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience.
The study was carried out by Dr. Vadim Axelrod and Prof. Moshe Bar, from the Gonda (Goldschmied) Multidisciplinary Brain Research Center at Bar - Ilan University, and Prof. Geraint Rees, from the
Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience at University College London.
Rebecca Saxe, associate
professor of cognitive neuroscience in MIT's Brain and Cognitive Sciences Department, has devoted her entire career to studying a single part of the human reptilian brain called the temporoparietal junction (TPJ).
«The discrepancy between their language ability and IQ is startling,» says co-author Ursula Bellugi, professor and director of the
Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience at the Salk Institute, who has been studying the behavioral aspects of Williams syndrome for more than 20 years.
The study, presented April 2 at the annual
meeting of Cognitive Neuroscience Society, represents one of the first attempts to successfully apply brain stimulation techniques to a clinical population, he said.
The behavioral implications of music are vast, says Laura Cirelli of the University of Toronto Mississauga, who is presenting the new work on maternal singing at the 25th meeting
of the Cognitive Neuroscience Society (CNS) in Boston today.
Bernard was joined by Marilyn S. Albert, director of the
Division of Cognitive Neuroscience at the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, and Sevil Yasar, an associate professor at the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine.