San Diego, CA (June 3, 2009)-- Novocell, Inc., a stem cell engineering company, today announced that it has received U.S. Patent No. 7,541,185 with method claims covering the use
of endoderm cells derived from human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) for drug discovery.
3) The co-authors of the role
of the endoderm in heart formation study, published Developmental Biology, (September) were Jonathan Alexander, Michael Rothenberg, a graduate student in Jun's lab, and Gilbert L. Henry, PhD, of the Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology at Harvard University.
«We thought we were studying hearts but we really were studying the
role of the endoderm,» said Stainier.
The researchers came upon their finding serendipitously, after working out the molecular pathway, or succession of genes, that prompt the early - stage
formation of the endoderm, one of the three layers of cells that form the developing embryo.
«Discovering a molecular
pathway of endoderm formation was unchartered territory in itself,» said Stainier.
Albeit still in rudimentary form - since it can't further develop into a healthy fetus because of the
absence of endoderm cells - the newly constructed artificial embryo leads scientists closer to understanding how embryogenesis works.
«The
use of endoderm for drug screening is a cornerstone of our drug discovery platform,» said John West, President & CEO of Novocell.
«Embryonic stem cells can be grown almost indefinitely in culture, and therefore a limitless
supply of endoderm and endoderm - derived cells can be generated.
2) The co-author of the study revealing the molecular pathway
of endoderm development, published in Current Biology, (September) was Jonathan Alexander.
The teratomas analyzed were shown to contain muscle tissues, which are derivatives of mesoderm, primitive duct formations (indicated by arrows), which are
derivatives of endoderm, and epidermal structures, which are derivatives of ectoderm (Figure 4C, F, I).
«The efficient
production of endoderm represents the first critical step in the creation of a renewable islet source derived from hES cells that is targeted at restoring normal glucose regulation in diabetic patients.»
One model, the «specification model», postulates that Toddler's primary role is to promote the
specification of endoderm, which when defective leads to abnormal migration of mesendodermal cells (Chng et al., 2013).
The presence or absence
of endoderm does not affect lateral mesodermal cell migration in wild - type and toddler mutants.
The intrinsic ability
of endoderm to migrate without Toddler signaling is fully revealed in the abundant animal pole - directed migration of endoderm in toddler; cxcr4a double mutants.