Other areas
of reduced sea ice cover are the Southern Ocean north of Dronning Maud Land, and the area west of the Ross Sea and north of Wilkes Land.
What the researchers did was to feed the computer with data, gradually
reducing the sea ice cover in the eastern Arctic from 100 percent to 1 percent in order to analyse the relative sensitivity of wintertime atmospheric circulation.
The effort takes a holistic look at the «new normal» Pacific Arctic of the last decade, which now has a longer open - water season with
reduced sea ice thickness and extent, increased primary production, and observed changes in abundance and behavior of Arctic species.
Says Chad Jay, the report's lead author: «We're really in a phase of trying to see how the walruses respond to
reduced sea ice conditions.
Assuming the patterns in August — September are neutral, then our expectation is that sea ice decreases may yet approach the record minimum in 2007, the reason being the susceptibility of the predominantly first - year ice cover and the large areas of
reduced sea ice concentration evident in the late July AMSR - E image data.
However, we believe that the likelihood of» 2007 events» is much higher now than a decade before and this is connected to the
gradually reduced sea ice thickness.
This paper suggests cooling in the Boreal forest are in winter due to increased snow cover, as caused
by reduced sea ice area in summer,
First stronger winds from the
north reduced sea ice extent by inhibiting the expansion of sea ice along the western Antarctic Peninsula and Amundsen Sea.
As the Arctic summers are getting warmer we may see an acceleration of global warming,
because reduced sea ice in the Arctic will remove less CO2 from the atmosphere, Danish scientists report.
«As the climate gets warmer, we could
see reduced sea ice formation in the Sea of Okhotsk and the Arctic.
If reduced sea ice is changing circulation patterns, then we may have what a 20 th century weatherman would call a 9 - sigma event every year.
«Two episodes of
markedly reduced sea ice cover also occurred in the late sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries (T2 in Fig. 3).
Eventually Holocene warmth raised sea level and
reduced sea ice allowing walrus populations to once again flourish in the Arctic.
«By doing it 100 times, which is something of course we can't do with the real world, they were able to generate statistics that showed the extra cold winters in Asia were twice as likely to occur when they
put reduced sea ice in the Barents - Kara Sea, as compared to when there was lots of ice in that area.»
However, July conditions
greatly reduced sea ice drift speed in the Beaufort Sea and produced a counterclockwise drift pattern in the Laptev Sea (Figure 5a, bottom).
Whether or not reduced Arctic sea ice is the result of natural variability or rising CO2,
reduced sea ice benefits the Arctic ecosystem.
A paper from the late 1980s suggests that a return to high population numbers may be a more plausible cause for mass gatherings of females and calves that lead to stampede deaths than
does reduced sea ice due to global warming.
Most of the proposed mechanisms
linking reduced sea ice and / or increased Eurasian snowcover to extreme winter weather across mid-latitude NH continents involve a pathway through the SPV6, 24,25,32,33,55,56,57.
He adds that their group believes that the likelihood of» 2007 events» is higher now than a decade before and that this is connected to the gradually
reduced sea ice thickness.
«
Reduced sea ice conditions and unusually high air temperatures have facilitated the ice shelf losses,» said Luke Copland of the University of Ottawa.
When the «rest of the story» is told, it seems highly unlikely bearded seals will be endangered
by reduced sea ice or warming temperatures.
However, as seen in the graph below, since 1997 western Hudson Bay polar bears» body condition has been improving surpassing levels observed in the1980s despite, or because of, years
of reduced sea ice.
«
Reduced sea ice cover over a longer period of time over the summer could mean improved foraging for belugas,» said Hauser, who is also a researcher at the University of Alaska Fairbanks.
But pirate fishing boats have long been wreaking havoc on the southern oceans, and
reduced sea ice has eased coastal access and stripped wildlife of their last refuge.
The scientists theorize that a warming Arctic environment has
reduced sea ice cover, allowing for more wave action that stirs up sediments and mobilizes more radium.
Something that goes along with this change in atmospheric circulation is
reduced sea ice in the region (while sea ice in Antarctica has been increasing on average, there have been significant declines off the West Antarctic coast for the last 25 years, and probably longer).
Combined with
reduced sea ice, this allowed icebergs to transport debris to the continental shelf and slope.
In recent years, Alaska has had to content with large wildfires, melting permafrost, and
reduced sea ice, among other climate - related challenges.
Impacts are apparent in the Arctic, with melting tundra,
reduced sea ice, and increased shoreline erosion.
Scientists believe that
reduced sea ice in the Northwest Passage has permitted some new species to migrate across the Arctic Ocean.
This together with
the reduced sea ice conditions along the west coast of the AP (another climate change effect), is undoubtedly increasing the ship traffic in the area — and with it the likelihood of iceberg collisions.
A recent paper from Georgia Tech suggests that
reduced sea ice is linked to increased snow cover in parts of the northern United States, North - western and central Europe, and northern and central China.
Last summer's record loss of ice was due to a combination of natural cycle and global warming factors: «more greenhouse gases, an unusual wind pattern, and warming of the ocean water in regions with
reduced sea ice.»