Rachel Schwemberger: The rapid effects of water - soluble β - estradiol on retinal
responses to light stimuli in male Carassius auratus (Advisor: P Dickinson / R.
Within a week, of removing those inhibitory interneurons from the spinal cord, the mice showed excessive scratching in
response to light touch without any effect on their response to chemically - induced itch or pain.
Photoswitches inserted into retinal ganglion cells (RGC) of blind mice produce much less variety of response (all evenly red means the cells fire at the same time), while blind mice with photoswitches inserted into bipolar cells (ON - BC driven) exhibit much more variety in their
retinal response to light, closer to that of normal mice.
More recent neuroanatomy studies have shown that the melanopsin - containing RGCs also link up to brain areas that control a variety
of responses to light that don't require the image - forming visual system, such as constriction of the pupils and the direct effect of light on sleep - wake state — what makes us drowsy in dark seminar rooms or wakeful if the lights are kept on all night.
Clouds form in a multitude of different shapes and sizes, their infinite combinations and position across the sky offering a visual drama in
response to the light conditions.
The researchers found that certain neurons would fire only in
response to light shone in a specific area — suggesting that these neurons were responsible for keeping track of set coordinates in the field of vision.
«We identified several mutants in which the ROC15
daily response to light was impaired irrespective of the color of the light,» says Ayumi Kinoshita lead author of the article reporting the results.
In July, however, researchers reported in the journal Neuron that the stringy extensions, or axons, of mRGCs extend into parts of the mouse brain involved in conscious vision, not just the parts of the brain that control
unconscious responses to light.
Research over the past decade has shown that they play an important role in
reflexive responses to light, such as pupil constriction and regulation of the body's sleep - wake cycle.
«Melanopsin is a part of our visual system from long ago in evolution, and it controls several important
biological responses to light,» said lead author, Manuel Spitschan, PhD, who received his doctorate from the Psychology program at Penn in 2016 and is now a Sir Henry Wellcome Postdoctoral Fellow at the University of Oxford.
They bred mice to express light - sensitive proteins in their acid - sensing TRCs, which make the cells fire in
response to light from a laser.
And it is this sensitivity to drought that maps the various plants» success and distribution, more so than light or nutrients in the soil, even
though responses to light have been observed to determine which plants quickly spring back in a clearing on the forest floor or under a gap in the canopy.
As the D14L protein is also involved in plants
developmental responses to light Paszkowski talks of a «gut feeling» that — with this ancient protein responding to light, atmosphere (through smoke detection) and soil environment (through fungal symbiosis)-- it could have been a developmental crossroads vital to plants» evolutionary leap out of the oceans.
Behaviorally, the mutants had an intrinsic circadian period about 1 hour longer than normal and exhibited high - amplitude phase shifts in
response to light pulses administered at circadian time 17.
They found the most significant improvements were in light sensitivity, such as the pupil's
response to light over a range of intensities.
The situation further deteriorates for trapped metal nanoparticles when the incident light overlaps with a plasmonic resonance, whereby electrons move in
response to light collectively, causing enhancements to local fields by several orders of magnitude.
Additionally, the team utilized a green LED to direct pulsed light at the nanosheets and found that they exhibited a
reliable response to light and an excellent response time between 18 and 73 milliseconds, indicating that In2Se3 nanosheets could be a highly effective material for real - time imaging purposes.
The diesel variants score High - Precision DE Boost Control for
faster response to light - load accelerator pedal pressure.
The most notable change to the braking system is a new vacuum booster that provides a more
reassuring response to light pedal efforts without disturbing the highly direct and linear feel inherited from the first - generation Mazda3.
Nonetheless, cats fed diets deficient in vitamin A exhibited conjunctivitis, xerosis with keratitis and corneal vascularization, retinal degeneration, photophobia, and slowed
pupillary response to light.
As to an RC running line for a comment and response string that brings
relevant responses to light that may not have made it would be an asset to understanding.
I was going to write something about the misguided effort by California voters to attempt to recall Judge Aaron Persky in
response to his light sentence on convicted sexual assaulter Brock Turner, arguing that anyone supporting such efforts can not complain when state judges are removed or non-retained in response to, for example, pro-LGBTQ rulings (e.g., three members of the Supreme Court of Iowa in 2010).
The scientists are pursuing additional studies to map the entire chain of neurons that activate scratching in
response to light touch — something that has been overlooked in the field of chronic itch until now, the team says.
AN ARTIFICIAL iris that automatically opens and closes
in response to light, just like the ones in your eyes, could improve cameras and, eventually, help repair damaged human eyes.
Her eyes also change colour in
response to lighting.
That's the Jesus story: perfect love, and humanity's
response to its light.
You would act in
response to the light you have, though it were only the flickering of a distant lamp.
Right around now, the baby's pupillary light reflex appears as the iris becomes capable of closing down in
response to light.
«Sure enough, even after blocking the action of acetylcholine pharmacologically, the isolated iris sphincter muscle still contracted in
response to light, adding confidence to the notion that the muscle is itself light - sensitive because it contains melanopsin,» Yau says of the present work.
Instead, Yau's lab found that even when isolated, the sphincter muscle contracts in
response to light, employing a light - sensitive pigment called melanopsin.
This faintly colored image was «painted» by bacteria (Escherichia coli) that produce colored pigments in
response to light.
Another key measure appears to be pupillary reactivity, the ability of the eye's pupils to change diameter in
response to light.
The two remaining chapters cover root development and
their response to light, gravity and touch, and the reaction of plants to attack by bacterial, fungal and nematode invaders.
The herbicide is a synthetic analog of the plant hormones called auxins, which control everything from the plant's
response to light and gravity to the ripening of fruit.