Sentences with phrase «time scale of decades»

If we ignore a few bumps with time scales of a decade or so, the curve is surprisingly well fit by a pure exponential.

Deep steric changes occur over time scales of decades or longer and aren't expected to explain the discrepancy over the last 5 years (Antonov 2005).

On short time scales of decades to a few centuries this is not possible, as the solar influence clearly dominates the production signal (e.g., Snowball & Muscheler 2007) and local climate can also play a role (e.g., Usoskin et al. 2009).

Geothermal heat emanating from deeper layers of the Earth does contribute a small amount to ocean warming but, on the time scale of decades & centuries, this contribution is effectively constant as it is determined by the rate of radioactive decay.

Such clean energy schemes and improved agricultural and forestry practices are likely to be more economic than direct air capture of CO2, but they must be carefully designed to minimize undesirable impacts and the amount of CO2 that can be extracted on the time scale of decades will be limited, thus emphasizing the need to limit the magnitude of the cleanup task.

On the time scales of decades to centuries, however, most of the known chemical feedbacks are positive.

The draft notes that despite the relentless build - up of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, the rate of warming over the past 15 years has been small compared with warming between 1951 and 2012, suggesting that within an overall warming that began in the first decade of the 1900s, the climate system still displays substantial variability on time scales of a decade or so.

The interaction of ocean circulation, which serves as a type of heat pump, and biological effects such as the concentration of carbon dioxide can result in global climate changes on a time scale of decades.

«A one dimensional model of heat conduction is used to show that surface trends are attenuated as a function of depth within conductive media on time scales of decades to centuries, therefore invalidating the above assumption given practical observational constraints.

As mentioned in the Introduction, the observed NAO exhibits prominent low - frequency variability on time scales of decades and longer.

Because of its impact on global temperature, ENSO can cause large fluctuations of the global temperature trend on time scales of a decade or even longer.

The petition reads in part: «Studies of a variety of natural processes, including ocean cycles and solar variability, indicate that they can account for variations in the Earth's climate on the time scale of decades and centuries.

The change is caused by realization that «slow» feedback processes, such as ice melt and release of greenhouse gases by the soil and ocean in a warming climate, can occur on the time scale of decades and centuries.

connection of the sea ice loss to a massive release of methane hydrates into the atmosphere on the time scale of a decade

Such clean energy schemes and improved agricultural and forestry practices are likely to be more economic than direct air capture of CO2, but they must be carefully designed to minimize undesirable impacts and the amount of CO2 that can be extracted on the time scale of decades will be limited, thus emphasizing the need to limit the magnitude of the cleanup task.

In summary, the ocean methane hydrate pool has strong potential to amplify the human CO2 release from fossil fuel combustion over times scales of decades to centuries.

Much of the work of the laboratory is directed towards improving projections of climate change on the time scale of decades to centuries based on scenarios of carbon emissions, sulfur emissions, land use changes, and other anthropogenic (human - caused) forcing agents.

The main fallacy in the climate change debate arises from the assumption that changes in Earth's climate — on a time scale of decades, centuries, tens or even hundreds of centuries — can not be caused by changes in the Sun.