Topsoil is the upper layer of soil found on the Earth's surface. It is rich in nutrients and organic matter, which are essential for plants to grow and thrive.
Full definition
Coast Range site that — per the Forest Service hydrologist — lost a foot
of topsoil in the past century and how has about 2/3 of an inch remaining.
In May 1934 two dust storms removed massive amounts of
topsoil from Great Plains farms and carried it all the way to Chicago, dumping 12 million pounds of dust on that city, before turning toward Boston, New York City, and Washington, DC.
In 1990, Dr. Peter Borchelt, an applied animal behaviorist, ran three 10 - day tests to determine feline litter preference using a comparison of 14 types of commercial litter as well
as topsoil mixed with clay litter and playbox sand.
Or maybe you picture giant machines
removing topsoil and bedrock from a forested West Virginia mountain.
Virginia's Division of Mined Land Reclamation estimates that it costs about $ 2,400 per acre to re-establish a foot of
topsoil on previously mined ground.
As a study by the Technical University of Munich (TUM) shows, the mountain forests of the Bavarian Alps have seen a significant reduction in
topsoil organic matter over the past three decades.
It requires a healthy
topsoil for plants and animals to flourish.
Productive farmlands can disappear as nutrient -
rich topsoil in fields washes away when heavy rains hit them.
So, to summarize hugely on what is a complex and exciting subject; pasture cropping
builds topsoil while simultaneously producing a grain crop, improving a perennial pasture and also feeding up some livestock and sequestering carbon while the system is at it.
Another alarming result of
topsoil erosion and poor land management is the relationship between soil health and the nutrient density of the fruits and vegetables that we love.
The result, now under construction, is a daylit factory with 450,000 square feet of roof covered with
healthy topsoil and growing plants — a living roof.
On 11 May, it released suggestions for removing
contaminated topsoil from schoolyards to reduce radiation exposures.
By Burke Teichert of Beef Magazine In spite of much research and knowledge about good grazing practices, we're still
losing topsoil at an alarming rate.
Millions of acres of
fertile topsoil blew east, toward and into the Atlantic Ocean, devastating American agriculture.
1) We are losing mineral - rich top soil The world is losing arable
topsoil at a rate of 75 to 100 Gt.
It is possible to encapsulate these eggs and cysts with a new coat of paint on paintable surfaces (the same techniques used for asbestos and lead paint) or to add a fresh layer of
topsoil over contaminated areas of your yard.
The researchers found that
reforesting topsoils across the country are currently adding 13 million to 21 million metric tons (13 - 21 teragrams) of carbon each year, an amount equivalent to about 10 percent of the total U.S. forest - sector carbon sink and offsetting about 1 percent of all U.S. greenhouse gas emissions.
Ron Gbur, superintendent of recreation for the Park District, said preliminary design plans show the district would gain 26 acres of usable land if the three plateaus were flattened, creating a bowl, and possibly
adding topsoil to playing surfaces.
Organic farming actually replaces
topsoil faster than it can erode it, thus reversing this process.
There are no obvious limits to how much carbon can be stored by building
more topsoil biomass.
That lack of Aeolian dust is a wonderful boon to pasture on land because it's
topsoil blowing away, but it's tragic for the oceans because it's a source of iron for the oceans.
These include water tables falling as a result of overpumping for irrigation, the loss of fertile
topsoil due to overplowing, and weather patterns becoming less predictable as the planet warms.
Biologist Jayne Belnap warns of the consequences for the American West if we don't preserve a home for the minute organisms that live in desert topsoil
The roots of trees and native brush hold loose, nutrient - rich
topsoils together, slowing erosion and absorbing precipitation.
Already an arid island receiving a fraction of the rainfall of lush Bali, these undesirables seemingly spent a lot of their time denuding the island's once considerable tree cover, and what
topsoil there was went with it.
Almost no plant can live
without topsoil — it contains the most organic matter and microorganisms, or life - sustaining life.
At this rate it is estimated there is only another 48 years of
topsoil left.
Though not a tasty «sweetener,» the synergistic blend of trace and macro-minerals makes molasses an excellent daily food supplement for the minerals that are lacking in our food from
depleted topsoil.
There are two syrups considered sweeteners that are actually loaded with minerals because the roots of their plant sources extend well below
topsoil levels.
Large planters and raised beds fashioned with timbers, retaining - wall stones or cinderblocks allow you to start with quality soil —
half topsoil and half compost — and require you to bend less to access crops.
The loss of
precious topsoil for Chinese agriculture ends up polluting both China's cities and countries halfway around the world.»
Todd Reese, Park District assistant director, said rehabilitation of the land was pushed back after a contractor who promised free
topsoil didn't deliver.
For their study, the researchers combined satellite imagery with some 15,000 on - the - ground measurements of
topsoil carbon from two national - level databases.
However, those communities tied to the same land must now provide the same income without the large buyers and often with
weak topsoil, polluted waterways or clear - cut forests.
We need agricultural systems that are more ecologically stable, instead of a system that
allows topsoil to blow and wash away, then tries to replace it with vast amounts of chemical additives.
Cropland is being lost to expanding deserts, and
diminished topsoil in many areas threatens future production.
About 10 - 20 % of the estimated C inputs were retained in
topsoil SOC...
The 40 % slope,
shallow topsoil and virtually impenetrable volcanic shale are the perfect antidote for taming this vigorous varietal into producing intensely flavored grapes.
Sculpt the rubbish into a routing plan, cap it with a water - impermeable clay or plastic liner and smooth on
topsoil like frosting on a cake.
A fundamental drawback of conventional farming is that it
fosters topsoil erosion, especially on sloping land.