"Valid inferences" refers to logical conclusions or deductions that are accurate and true based on the information or evidence available. It means drawing reasonable and well-supported conclusions that follow from the facts or premises.
Full definition
[1] is the formal systematic study of the principles
of valid inference and correct reasoning.
Although they agreed that it would allow them to
make valid inferences about students» ability to construct grammatically correct sentences, they determined that it did not provide enough information to allow them to assess student progress in developing compelling arguments.
A successful test would therefore require isolating enough of these scarce cells to make statistically
valid inferences about the tumor, often at a stage when the tumor itself is growing and changing rapidly.
It is difficult to draw
statistically valid inferences on what outcomes are most common from this data, because the majority of routine decisions of this type are not published.
Accordingly, this research can help future consumers be proactive in terms of ensuring, as best they can, that results might yield
as valid inferences as possible.
At the 2017 Performance Matters» National Learners Conference, we are excited to offer a pre-conference option to support districts in using our solutions to evaluate the item - level statistics to ensure that the items support the intended purpose of the test, which begins to build the argument
for valid inferences.
Now to be clear, here, I do think that not just «grossly ineffective» but also simply «bad teachers» should be fired, but the indicators used to do this must
yield valid inferences, as based on the evidence, as critically and appropriately consumed by the parties involved, after which valid and defensible decisions can and should be made.
Above all, we need reliable, consistent and meaningful data that we can really dig into, from
which valid inferences can be drawn and that fundamentally ensures we are looking at the whole child.
Rather, research evidence must support their uses,
otherwise valid inferences can not be made, or more importantly accepted as valid.
This type of data is needed to accurately describe changes in diversity as students move between sectors because there is significant variation in student demographics at the school level that is often obscured when examining the issue at higher levels of aggregation (e.g. comparing charters as a group to surrounding school district or metropolitan area) and can complicate the drawing
of valid inferences about the relationship between public school choice and racial sorting.
formalists have limited the required justification to the role of induction in making
valid inferences to predictions; this constitutes the «new riddle of induction» (Goodman 1955, p. 68).
Contrary to popular belief, there is no evidence to support the belief that
valid inferences can be made in this regard.
This too has implications for validity in that, again, teachers or teachers» value - added estimates should fall in the same ranges, if and when using similar tests, if
any valid inferences are to be made using value - added estimates.
And yet the last 13.7 years of non-statistically significant warming is suitable for making
valid inferences...?
Climate sensitivity is too simple a concept to reflect the observations, on
any valid inference.
But Webster's statement is
a valid inference based on the underlying model that they are working with.
Whatever «common sense» means, if it means anything more than valid (by whatever rules apply to determine when an inference is
a valid inference), is a mystery for another day.
mine and analyse large datasets, draw
valid inferences and present them successfully to management using a reporting tool.