Sentences with word «vaterite»

Small amounts of vaterite crystals have been found in some sea and freshwater crustaceans, bird eggs, the inner ears of salmon, meteorites and rocks.

Mr Aston added: «As well as producing vaterite, Saxifraga scardica has a special tissue surrounding the leaf edge that appears to deflect light from the edge into the leaf.

Multiple forms often nucleated in a single experiment — at least one calcite crystal formed on top of an aragonite crystal while vaterite crystals grew nearby.

Dr Wightman said vaterite was often associated with outer space and had been detected in planetary objects in the Solar System and meteorites: «Vaterite is not very stable in the Earth's humid atmosphere as it often reverts to more common forms of calcium carbonate, such as calcite.

In this case, the microscope not only identified signatures corresponding to calcium carbonate as forming the crust, but was also able to differentiate between the calcite and vaterite forms when it was present as a mixture while still attached to the leaf surface.»

This makes it even more remarkable that we have found vaterite in such large quantities on the surface of plant leaves.»

Scientists at Sainsbury Laboratory Cambridge University have found that the mineral vaterite, a form (polymorph) of calcium carbonate, is a dominant component of the protective silvery - white crust that forms on the leaves of a number of alpine plants, which are part of the Garden's national collection of European Saxifraga species.

Because the polymer interfered with vaterite formation, the team looked a little closer at what the polymer was doing.

WAXS (wide angle x-ray scattering) analysis of the crystalline particles finally formed at ambient conditions shows that pure calcite (the stable polymorph of calcium carbonate) forms at pH - values corresponding to high binding strength in clusters and that predominantly vaterite (the least stable polymorph) and traces of calcite form at pH - values corresponding to low binding strength in clusters (fig.

Naturally occurring vaterite is rarely found on Earth.

The microscope analysis of the plant material came up with the exciting discovery that some plants were exuding vaterite from «chalk glands» (hydathodes) on the margins of their leaves.

For instance, vaterite nanoparticles loaded with anti-cancer drugs appear to offload the drug slowly only at sites of cancers and therefore limit the negative side - effects of the drug.»

So why do these species produce a calcium carbonate crystal crust and why are some crusts calcite and others vaterite?

Other potential uses of vaterite include improving the cements used in orthopaedic surgery and as an industrial application improving the quality of papers for inkjet printing by reducing the lateral spread of ink.

«What is unique about rSpSM50 is that it fosters the formation and organization of two different forms of calcium carbonate — calcite and vaterite within the «jellies» themselves, inducing fracture resistance to the overall structure,» said Dr. Jain.

A team of biologists from the University of Cambridge, UK, has found that a very rare and unstable mineral called vaterite is a dominant component of the...

For example, droplet - like particles of ACC formed, then crystals of aragonite or vaterite appeared on the surface of the droplets.

Her master's research focused on the causes and consequences of vaterite deformations in the sagittal otoliths of farmed salmonids, and was primarily conducted at the Institute of Marine Research field station in Matre, Norway.

Mr Aston said these initial discoveries were just the start: «We expect that there may be other plants that also produce vaterite and have special leaf anatomies that have evolved in harsh environments like alpine regions.

With the polymer, however, ACC always appeared first and vaterite formed much later.

Without the polymer, they saw crystals of vaterite and a little calcite forming randomly under the microscope.

S. scardica secretions are composed of calcite and vaterite.

The solubilities (Fig. 3) show a discrete differentiation of the ACC phases in between pH 9.50 and 9.75, whereas distinct amounts of vaterite are precipitated when the ion product is still dominated by ACC I (pH = 9.40)(fig.

Also given are the solubilities of vaterite, aragonite, and calcite (27)(SOM section 2.5.)

They suspect that vaterite may be present on more plant species, but that the unstable mineral is being converted to calcite when exposed to wind and rain.

The laboratory's Microscopy Core Facility Manager, Dr Raymond Wightman, said vaterite was of interest to the pharmaceutical industry: «Biochemists are working to synthetically manufacture vaterite as it has potential for use in drug delivery, but it is not easy to make.

Further to this, it appears that although many species in this section produced vaterite along with calcite, there was at least one species, Saxifraga sempervivum, that was producing pure vaterite.»

The plants producing vaterite were from the section of Saxifraga called Porphyrion.

This may also be the reason why some plants have both vaterite and calcite present at the same time.

But in some cases, droplet - like particles of uncrystallized material known as amorphous calcium carbonate, or ACC, formed first and then transformed into either aragonite or vaterite.

All of the common crystal forms, including calcite (found in limestone), aragonite (found in mother - of - pearl), and vaterite (found in gallstones), crystallized from solution, often at the same time.

Aragonite and vaterite are calcium carbonate minerals with slightly different crystal architectures than calcite and could represent a step in calcite's formation.