Sentences with phrase «vertical distribution»

Figure 1 shows the mean vertical distribution of temperature and the mixing ratio of water vapor in the atmosphere.

The mean vertical distribution of temperature and the water vapor mixing ratio in the atmosphere are shown.

A lifetime at depth: vertical distribution of southern elephant seals in the water column.

«Cloud vertical distribution from combined surface and space radar — lidar observations at two Arctic atmospheric observatories.»

Lidar can also be used to measure wind speed and to provide information about vertical distribution of the aerosol particles.

Apart from continuous measurements over years at different daytimes and locations, the scientists also studied vertical distribution of dust pollution in cooperation with colleagues of the Atmospheric Environmental Research Division of KIT's Institute of Meteorology and Climate Research and the Institute of Regional Science of KIT.

CALIPSO carries a lidar that provides vertical distributions and properties of clouds and aerosols along a flight track.

Das, S., H. Harshvardhan, H. Bian, M. Chin, G. Curci, A. P. Protonotariou, T. Mielonen, K. Zhang, H. Wang, and X. Liu (2017), Biomass burning aerosol transport and vertical distribution over the South African - Atlantic region, J. Geophys.

Both microphysical (e.g., hydrophilic - to hydrophobic nature of emissions into the atmosphere, aging of the aerosols, wet deposition) and meteorological aspects govern the horizontal and vertical distribution patterns of BC aerosols, and the residence time of these aerosols is thus sensitive to these factors (Cooke et al., 2002; Stier et al., 2006b).

By resolving vertical distribution and respiratory carbon loss over a quasi-annual cycle, Darnis and Fortier (2012) assessed the relative importance of two zooplankton size classes in the pelagic food web.

He also regularly counsels clients on matters involving antitrust litigation and provides antitrust counseling on issues ranging from competitor collaborations to vertical distribution arrangements.

Distributors that are part of a «vertical distribution system» (including franchising) are entitled to claim non - amortized or non-adequately utilisable investments they were obliged to make according to their distribution agreement with regard to a uniform distribution system.

Liu Y., M. D. Shupe, Z. Wang and G. Mace (May 2017): Cloud vertical distribution from combined surface and space radar — lidar observations at two Arctic atmospheric observatories.

For instance, the first radiative - convective model of Earth's atmosphere (Manabe and Strickler 1964) used a fixed vertical distribution of absolute humidity to allocate water vapor, while a later one (Manabe and Wetherall 1967) used a fixed distribution of relative humidity, which matched empirical data better.

High angular and high spectral resolution observations by TMT will be used to constrain the bulk composition and the mean vertical distribution of temperatures and gas abundances, to shed light on how planetary atmospheres form and evolve as a function of distance from their host stars.

Anarcho - capitalism can be considered far - right because it takes away almost all power from democratically controlled organs, but whether this leads to a vertical distribution of power depends on where this power goes.

«The oceanographic community now has a system of vertical profiling floats distributed through most of the world oceans that tells us the vertical distributions of temperature and salinity every 10 days to depths of one to two kilometers,» says Sydney Levitus, director of NOAA's World Data Center for Oceanography and another lead author.

In an analysis of how the droplet concentration changed with height above the ocean surface, they found that the vertical distribution of sea spray diverged from the existing theoretical distribution, which means the number of water droplets for a given air volume at a specific height above the ocean surface was significantly different than the predicted concentration.

«It is also known,» continues Sato, «that current models do not realistically model the vertical distribution of the aerosols, and we believe that finer measurements could help there as well.

The researchers want to track the movement of the aerosols and their vertical distribution in the air and attempt to make a two - day «aerosol forecast.»

NOAA scientists at the South Pole station monitor the ozone layer above that location by using a Dobson spectrophotometer and regular ozone - sonde balloon launches that record the thickness of the ozone layer and its vertical distribution.

NOAA measurements at South Pole station monitor the ozone layer above that location by means of Dobson spectrophotometer and regular ozone - sonde balloon launches that record the thickness of the ozone layer and its vertical distribution.

OMPS is a three - part instrument: a nadir mapper that maps ozone, SO2 and aerosols; a nadir profiler that measures the vertical distribution of ozone in the stratosphere; and a limb profiler that measures aerosols in the upper troposphere, stratosphere and mesosphere with high vertical resolution.

In some cases, an attached fluorometer (6) collects data on the water's chlorophyll content, helping researchers understand the vertical distribution of photosynthetic plankton.

Whales typically began feeding by diving to depths of more than 300 m in the late afternoon, perhaps to sample the vertical distribution of krill (Figure 2).

Models, in general, captured the vertical distribution of aerosol over land but exhibited some common features after long - range transport of smoke plumes that were distinct from that of CALIOP.

Tagged whales varied the depths of their feeding dives to: i) track diurnal changes in the vertical distribution of krill; ii) match changes in prey density at depth; and / or iii) forage along edges of the prey aggregation (Figure 2).

«The authors show that phytoplankton plays a role in the vertical distribution of solar energy reaching the Arctic Ocean,» Mar Fernández - Méndez, a sea - ice biologist at the Max Planck Institute for Marine Biology, in Bremen, Germany, said.

Part I: relationship to surface meteorology and the vertical distribution of temperature and moisture.

Included are uncertainty analyses, maps of the measurement coverage and many illustrations of the regional and vertical distribution of the warming.

Hi Gavin — In response to your reply to comment # 10, the issue is the vertical distribution of positive temperature trends that is used as a measure of radiative forcing.

Coauthor Pierre Dutrieux of Lamont - Doherty, said, «The vertical distribution of meltwater influences many global - scale processes, from the redistribution of heat around the globe, to its interactions with the atmosphere and the ecosystem.»