First proposed more than 20 years ago, the hygiene hypothesis suggested that societal efforts to reduce exposure to infectious microbes early in life have deprived the immune system of immunoregulatory stimulation necessary for protection against allergic disease (4). (pnas.org)
In studies, mucopolysaccharides show anti-inflammatory and immunoregulatory effects on connective tissue diseases. (pettao.com)
The immune checkpoint refers to a range of immunoregulatory pathways that enhance or moderate immune responses. (rndsystems.com)