In normal intact cells, activation of protein kinase C (PKC) by phorbol ester either stimulated or inhibited chloride secretion, depending on the physiological status of the cell. (science.sciencemag.org)
Cells were restimulated for 5 hr in the presence of BFA with or without 5 μg / ml phorbol 12 - myristate 13 - acetate (PMA)(Sigma), 0.5 μg / ml ionomycin (Sigma) and 50 ng / ml IL - 23. (journals.plos.org)
It is worth noting that «academic drugs» need not be blockbusters and that most life sciences rely heavily on small - molecule effectors (e.g., A23187, phalloidin, or phorbol ester). (sciencemag.org)