It appears that symptoms may not be a prominent driver when assessing outcomes of younger versus older athletes. (sciencedaily.com)
Due to the small number of studies assessing outcomes in people who had no treatment, and also in those who were treated as usual, results for these studies were combined. (ebmh.bmj.com)
In the present study these shortcomings were addressed by including an appropriate control group and by assessing outcomes through both self - reports and observations. (link.springer.com)