Although the magnitude of these findings was small, they suggest that early treatment for childhood anxiety should include both parent intervention and direct treatment of the child's anxiety symptoms. (link.springer.com)
The level of arthritis and a good orthopedic exam to look at your dog's range of motion and comfort level may help direct treatment options. (tampabayvets.net)
They also provide direct treatment (e.g. psychotherapy, family therapy, psychiatric medication) to a child. (aacap.org)