"Difference scores" refer to the numerical values that show the variation or change between two or more measurements or observations. They help gauge the amount or extent of difference or change that exists between those measurements.
Full definition
Children group in Phu Tho province reported a higher score of hyperactivity problems than those in Bac Ninh province (the average
difference score between two groups is 0.66,
Particularly, children whose parents worked away from home for less than 2 years reported higher total difficulties score than those having absent parents for from 2 to 5 years (the
average difference score between two groups was 2.44; p = 0.001).
Results revealed a significant effect of internalizing disorder status on
RSA difference score, F (1, 18) = 5.83, p =.03, η 2 =.25.
In order to capture change in relationship satisfaction of first time mothers we
computed difference scores of relationship satisfaction from Time 1 and Time 2.
One strength is that it provides a direct measure of recollections of childhood MDT, rather than indirect measures created by
using difference scores.
Sequential temporal dependencies in associations between symptoms of depression and posttraumatic stress disorder: An application of bivariate latent
difference score structural equation modeling
First, we calculated a
latent difference score that reflected the degree to which parenting improved from before to after SAAF implementation.
For negative quality, there was a significant negative association (b = −.14, SE =.07, p <.05) between
the difference score for grandfather reports (G1) and target reports (G2) predicting target reports of negative relationship quality regarding their own children (G3).
For positive quality,
the difference score for grandmother and grandfather (G1) reports of positive relationship quality regarding target (G2) and middle - aged target (G2) reports regarding their parents (G1) was negatively associated with targets» (G2) reports of relationship quality regarding their children (G3; b = −.24, standard error [SE] =.06, p <.01; b = −.22, SE =.08, p <.01, respectively).
There was no significant association between
difference scores and offspring reports of negative relationship quality.
Abstract: The goal of this paper was to further our understanding of adolescents» adjustment by studying multiple components of siblings» unique family environments using
the difference score methodology.
The goal of this paper was to further our understanding of adolescents» adjustment by studying multiple components of siblings» unique family environments using
the difference score methodology.
Difference scores are frequently used to assess variables such as unfulfilled
Inspection of the correlations between
difference scores in parenting stress and difference scores in adolescent symptoms revealed that pre - to posttest reductions in parental stress level were only significantly related to improvement in adolescent's attention problems (r =.68, 2 - sided p <.05) for fathers, but significantly related to improvement in attention problems (r =.64, p <.
In their studies, the authors measured both types of regulatory focus and computed
a difference score, such that individuals could either be predominantly focused on promotion (i.e., being much more promotion oriented compared to prevention) or on prevention (i.e., being much more prevention oriented compared to promotion).