Sentences with phrase «hydrogen isotopes»
The phrase "hydrogen isotopes" refers to different forms of hydrogen atoms. Normally, hydrogen atoms have just one proton and no neutrons in the nucleus. However, hydrogen isotopes have additional neutrons in the nucleus, which makes them slightly different from regular hydrogen atoms. These isotopes are important for studying different chemical reactions, understanding natural processes, and for various scientific and industrial applications. Full definition
The target itself is a tiny hollow shell filled with the heavy hydrogen isotopes deuterium and tritium.
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Different geographic areas have different proportions of hydrogen isotopes in their water, and by analyzing the isotopes in the eagles» feathers, the researchers were able to match them to the areas where they were eating and drinking when their feathers formed and thereby determine their summer ranges.
In the 1950s, deuterium was used in thermonuclear weapons because nuclear fusion of deuterium atoms (or of deuterium and the heavier hydrogen isotope, tritium) releases tremendous energy.
Hallis previously used hydrogen isotope ratios in volcanic basalt rocks to conclude that Earth's water may in fact have been part of the very dust cloud from which the planet first condensed.
Mainstream fusion power schemes fuse hydrogen isotopes called deuterium and tritium to make helium nuclei, releasing large amounts of energy in the process.
They found that around half of wells containing mostly fossil groundwater had elevated traces of tritium, a radioactive hydrogen isotope spread during nuclear bomb tests that's hazardous in very high concentrations.
The study by Louie Yang (Dept. Entomology at UC - Davis) used stable hydrogen isotope analysis to test tissue samples from 114 butterflies at 4 overwintering locations.
First, I do think that there is a lot of work to be done in the interpretation of oxygen / hydrogen isotope values obtained at a site, and there's still plenty of disagreement in the paleo - community on how to best connect the isotopic signal in a record with climate.
They envision zero - carbon power plants that run on fuel made from hydrogen isotopes in seawater and produce less waste than today's nuclear power plants.
Using intense magnetic fields to hold hydrogen isotopes at extremely high temperature and pressure, it would produce a flood of energy as the isotopes fuse to form larger nuclei.
Firing in perfect harmony, they will create an acoustic wave that collapses the vortex at the very moment a plasma injector shoots hydrogen isotopes, the nuclear fuel, into it.
So Hallis and her colleagues went looking for vestiges of the early Earth that might preserve the original hydrogen isotope ratio of the planet.
In the new experiments, the physicists used magnetic resonance to reverse the nuclear spins in hydrogen isotopes embedded in the OLED, and then were able to detect how the reversed spins caused a change in the electrical current through the OLED.
A tokamak is a doughnut - shaped vessel in which researchers use powerful magnet fields to squeeze and heat a plasma of hydrogen isotopes until the nuclei fuse together forming helium and releasing large amounts of heat.
JET researchers are testing how the machine behaves when filled with individual hydrogen isotopes before attempting burns with deuterium and tritium — the fuel for fusion — in 2019.
This is the first time hydrogen isotopes have been measured in eucrite meteorites.
To understand how water affects subduction of the oceanic plate, in which layers of different rock types sink into the mantle, the UO team studied hydrogen isotopes in water contained in tiny blobs of glass trapped in olivine crystals in basalt.
The key part of the study, Wallace said, involved hydrogen isotopes.
ITER is a multinational project to prove that generating energy by fusing hydrogen isotopes together at temperatures exceeding those in the center of the sun is scientifically feasible.
The researchers examined the butterflies» wings for shape, structure and telltale hydrogen isotopes.
We offer application services and expertise in niche catalyst production and hydrogen and hydrogen isotope management to solve critical industrial challenges.
Like Steig's, his research focuses on ancient atmospheric chemistry, including the study of carbon dioxide concentrations and reconstruction of the paleoclimate from measuring oxygen and hydrogen isotopes trapped in the ice.
We applied compound - specific hydrogen isotopes (D) and the TEX86 (tetraether index of 86 carbon atoms) temperature proxy to sediment cores from Lake Tanganyika to independently reconstruct precipitation and temperature variations during the past 60,000 years.
They have also shown that hydrogen isotope ratios from lunar samples are similar to that of Earth.
They examined tritium, a radioactive hydrogen isotope that has been present in the atmosphere since nuclear testing began, to trace the downward movement of precipitation.
To understand the origin of Earth's water, scientists have fingerprinted potential sources, like asteroids and comets, using the ratio of light to heavy hydrogen isotopes.
Collaborator David Nelson, a stable isotope ecologist with the University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science, tested the birds» feathers for stable hydrogen isotopes, which can be used to determine where the birds likely grew their feathers.
Shot into both ends of a tiny gold capsule filled with two frozen hydrogen isotopes, this powerful blast will create plasma around the pea - size target in the center of the capsule.
First, I do think that there is a lot of work to be done in the interpretation of oxygen / hydrogen isotope values obtained at a site, and there's still plenty of disagreement in the paleo - community on how to best connect the isotopic signal in a record with climate.
At the end of January, experiments will begin with hydrogen in an effort to show that fusing hydrogen isotopes can be a viable source of clean and virtually limitless energy.
University of Utah physicists read the subatomic «spins» in the centers or nuclei of hydrogen isotopes, and used the data to control current that powered light in a cheap, plastic LED — at room temperature and without strong magnetic fields.
The team based its analysis on ratios of oxygen and hydrogen isotopes in ice cores drilled in East Antarctica.
Fusion is regarded as the Holy Grail of alternative energy sources since, in theory at least, it produces no harmful emissions or radioactive waste, and its main fuel, hydrogen isotopes, can be obtained from seawater.
In 2013 scientists compared the relative amounts of hydrogen and a hydrogen isotope present in Earth's water with levels present in the remnants of ice in these meteorites.
The particles carry up to 30 times as much of the hydrogen isotope deuterium as typical terrestrial materials.
The device consists of a doughnut - shaped reactor called a tokamak, wrapped in superconducting magnets that squeeze and heat a plasma of hydrogen isotopes to the point of fusion.
«When a bird drinks water or eats animals in a particular place, the hydrogen isotope ratios of precipitation in that area get recorded in its tissues,» Nelson said.
The method takes advantage of varying levels of carbon and hydrogen isotopes in the soil, water, and vegetation at different latitudes.
Under laboratory conditions it is the two hydrogen isotopes — deuterium and tritium — that fuse most readily when held as a plasma at temperatures of several hundred million degrees.
They also used satellite precipitation data to «backsolve» the brine's origins using sodium concentrations, oxygen and hydrogen isotopes, as the isotopic composition of water reflects the condensation temperature and precipitation rate over time.
In the new study, the researchers report the hydrogen isotope ratios of water trapped in glassy inclusions inside the basalts.
In particular, researchers want to fuse two hydrogen isotopes.
Inertial confinement fusion (ICF) seeks to create those conditions by taking a tiny capsule of fusion fuel (typically a mixture of the hydrogen isotopes deuterium and tritium) and crushing it at high speed using some form of «driver,» such as lasers, particle beams, or magnetic pulses.
Fusion is the process of generating energy by melding together light atoms; it requires heating the fusion fuel (hydrogen isotopes) to tens or hundreds of millions of degrees.
Herein we demonstrate that a photoredox - mediated hydrogen atom transfer protocol can efficiently and selectively install deuterium (D) and tritium (T) at α - amino sp3 carbon - hydrogen bonds in a single step, using isotopically labeled water (D2O or T2O) as the source of hydrogen isotope.
University of Utah physicists used this kind of OLED — basically a plastic LED instead of a conventional silicon semiconductor LED — to show that they could read the subatomic «spins» in the center or nuclei of hydrogen isotopes and use those spins to control current to the OLED.
ORNL researchers tracked the molecular transition in labeling experiments with deuterium, a hydrogen isotope, to confirm the hydrocarbon pool mechanism.