The phytoplankton - dependent
krill populations in the Southern Ocean which are the staple food of all the great baleen whales are now down by 80 % and the shortfall is now also starving local fish species, penguins and seals.)
Concentrated industrial fishing is depleting
local krill populations, potentially forcing penguins and other species to shift their foraging patterns.
The sea - ice decline in the winter, however, has become so big that it is now
impacting krill populations, said Barbosa, of the National Museum of Natural Sciences in Madrid.
Furthermore, we must understand how changes in sea ice cover affect the feeding ecology of humpback whales and their competitors in the short - term and the dynamics
of krill populations over the longer term, particularly given the increasing pressure from commercial krill harvests [36].
The researchers found that the release of terrestrial material trapped by icebergs creates a «halo effect» with significantly increased phytoplankton and
krill populations out to a two - mile radius around the icebergs.
Krill also face another threat, which was not a focus of our research: Concentrated industrial fishing is depleting
local krill populations, potentially forcing penguins and other species to shift their foraging patterns.
«When the sea ice is low,
the krill populations crash the next summer.
Rather, a dip in
the krill population may be to blame, an idea supported by the fact that Adélie penguin population (P. adeliae) in the region is also declining, while the gentoo penguin population (P. papua), which has a more variable diet, is not.
The krill population is vital, but it's depleting fast.