Sentences with phrase «microbial genes»

He has helped generate and interpret mountains of data through microbial gene sequencing efforts, showing how microbes influence human well - being.

And which microbial genes get passed on will be influenced by our dietary choices.

When it comes time for microbial gene swapping, anything goes.

Once this process is complete, project scientists have a good idea which microbial genes are contained in each sample and what biological jobs the microbes perform.

«Even though a microbial genome is one - thousandth the size of the human genome, the total number of microbial genes in [the human] body is much greater than human genes because you have so many different species,» says Weinstock.

Elucidating functions of commensal microbial genes in the mammalian gut is challenging because many commensals are recalcitrant to laboratory cultivation and genetic manipulation.

They identified microbial genes and their activity with help from DOE's Joint Genome Institute in Walnut Creek CA.

«Maternal diet alters the breast milk microbiome and microbial gene content.»

«To move beyond cataloging microbes, we will need new tools to rapidly determine microbial gene function and monitor the chemicals microbes use to communicate and interact with their environment, and new ways to visualize and model those interactions,» said Eoin Brodie, a staff scientist at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory's Earth Sciences Division and an author of the proposal.

These drug - bug interactions could make microbial genes just as important as a person's genes for predicting how a drug will affect someone, says Matthew Redinbo of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.

The South Platte River system picks up microbial genes for resistance to sulphonamide and tetracycline antibiotics as its waters flow past human settlements

«By examining the DNA outside the bacterial chromosomes, you may get a better understanding of the dynamics by which these elements may mobilize thereby controlling microbial genes,» Fischetti says.

For instance, the Human Microbiome Project (HMP)(Turnbaugh et al, 2007; Peterson et al, 2009; Huttenhower et al, 2012) and MetaHIT (Qin et al, 2010) have generated maps of bacterial species abundances throughout the human body, reference genomes, and catalogs of more than 100 million microbial genes assembled from shotgun sequencing of in vivo communities.

A number of studies have shown that random fluctuations in microbial genes trigger some microbes to hunker down into a dormant, drug - resistant state.

Stilianos Louca (Biodiversity Research Centre in Vancouver, Canada), the Grand Prize winner and Category winner of Ecology and Environment, presented his results on how the dynamics of metabolically important microbial genes can become independent of the taxonomic composition of microbial communities.

«I think it's important [for journals] to be discussing this, but I think it's unrealistic to think that journals can and should play the role of the sole enforcer,» says Claire Fraser, director of The Institute for Genomic Research in Rockville, Maryland, which posts a range of microbial gene sequences online.

Researchers at the US Department of Energy (DOE)'s Joint BioEnergy Institute (JBEI) have identified microbial genes that can improve both the tolerance and the production of isopentanol in engineered strains of Escherichia coli.

In a study to be presented on Feb. 5 at the Society for Maternal - Fetal Medicine's annual meeting, The Pregnancy Meeting ™, in Atlanta, researchers will present findings from a study titled, Maternal Diet Alters the Breast Milk Microbiome and Microbial Gene Content.

Khosla, 34, has been investigating the microbial genes that make polyketides, a class of complex molecules that fungi and bacteria use for chemical defense.

During the past decade, Boyden and others have found ways to snip the microbial genes that code for the light - sensitive proteins and insert them into brain cells, thus making those neurons also responsive to light.

Working out the functions of these microbial genes is a big challenge because many of the microbes that live within us are extremely reluctant to grow when cultured under laboratory conditions.

Collaborators at Human Longevity, Inc. sequenced the microbial genes extracted from each participant's stool sample and used that information to determine which species were living where, and the relative abundance of each.

A first step is to design studies that separate the effects of microbial genes from the genes of their animal host, says Herbert Virgin, an immunologist at the Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis in Missouri.

«The development of metagenomic sequencing of the total DNA in a microbial sample from the human body has allowed us to estimate the abundance of specific microbes and microbial genes.

Most strikingly, the warmest soil sample in Jansson's study — the spongy bog soil — revealed an array of microbial genes and proteins involved in the production of methane, a greenhouse gas more than 20 times as potent as carbon dioxide.

Now in experiments in mice reported this week in Cell Metabolism, researchers at Joslin Diabetes Centers have highlighted the ways in which the host's genes interact with the microbial genes to create such conditions, says senior author C. Ronald Kahn, M.D., Chief Academic Officer at Joslin Diabetes Center and Mary K. Iacocca Professor of Medicine at Harvard Medical School.

The genetic tools generated in this effort will allow researchers to more easily disrupt the activities of microbial genes to understand how these organisms function in marine ecosystems and provide the capability to ask scientific questions in ways not currently possible.

● But add all the genes in our microbiome together and the figure comes out at between two million and 20 million microbial genes and is known as the second genome

«This way we can link local environmental conditions to microbial gene - and transcript profiles and in the future quickly determine the environmental status of samples of unknown character».

If so, we aim to pinpoint the microbial genes whose loss increases the risk of IBD and other autoimmune diseases.