It is truly a function of the distance and path from the location of evaporation to the location that the water molecules
became part of the ice sheet.
My Columbia University colleague Dr. James Hansen, for 30 years NASA's leading climate scientist, warns us that even with warming well below 2 - degree C, human - induced warming could lead to the disintegration
of parts of the ice sheets of Antarctica and Greenland, causing the sea level to rise by as much as 6 - 9 meters.
The discovery raises fresh questions about the speed at which sea levels might rise in a warmer world due to the rate at which
parts of the ice sheets slide from the land into the ocean, scientists said at the American Association for the Advancement of Science in San Francisco.
Lead author Dr Steven Palmer, formerly of SPRI and now at the University of Exeter, stated: «Our results show that subglacial lakes exist in Greenland, and that they form an
important part of the ice sheet's plumbing system.
Water that collects in valleys underneath the ice sheet, in the Gamburtsev Mountains, refreezes when it passes under
thinner parts of the ice sheet that are less insulated from cool surface temperatures.
«The fact that the mass loss of the Greenland Ice Sheet has generally increased over the last decades is well known,» Khan said, «but the increasing contribution from the
northeastern part of the ice sheet is new and very surprising.»
The revision comes from a new model suggesting that
only parts of the ice sheet will collapse — namely, those that are grounded below sea level or sloping downward.
Certain areas of the ice sheet also accounted for the bulk of the ice loss, namely the northwestern and
southeastern parts of the ice sheet — the same pattern largely seen today, although some northeastern glaciers that were thought to be stable have recently shown signs of substantial melt and retreat.
The April melt in itself is still not a
huge part of the ice sheet — and not at its thickest portions — but it raises questions about what will happen when summer peaks, and along with it, melting.
A massive ice sheet almost completely covers Greenland, and as summertime temperatures climb and sunlight hours lengthen,
parts of the ice sheet surface usually melt, especially at lower elevations near the coast.
This feedback could potentially result in the rapid loss
of parts of the ice sheet, as grounding lines retreat along troughs and basins that deepen towards the ice sheet's interior.
To the GNET team, the 7.6 percent discrepancy in overall ice loss is overshadowed by the fact that it concealed
which parts of the ice sheet are most being affected by climate change.
In one projected event,
large parts of the ice sheet melt and drain into the ocean over the next millennia, raising global sea levels by several tens of meters.
In effect, this UAV survey across the ablation zone of the ice sheet perfectly bridges the gap between people on the ground studying what's under their feet in just one
part of the ice sheet, and the satellite data that shows what's going on across the entire ice sheet.
Warming is changing the structure of snow crystals on
some parts of the ice sheet, making the surface less reflective.
Numerical computer modelling of the glacier for these different time periods will help us understand whether
this part of the ice sheet is susceptible to rising sea level, warming oceans or increased atmospheric temperatures.
The base is currently buried about 35 meters below the surface but
the part of the ice sheet that covers the camp may start to melt by the end of the century if current warming trends continue, scientists warned.
Unfortunately, they are also
the part of the ice sheet most at risk.
The remaining amount is coming from increased surface melting, which is no longer confined to the southern
part of the ice sheet — the amount of ice accumulating in the inland part of the ice sheet is starting to decline as well.