We first examined the morphology and development of the dorsal ridge
in sea lamprey at various developmental stages (Fig. 2; supplementary material Fig.
For decades, the fishery commission and a team of scientists and advocates across the public and private sectors have been developing measures to control
sea lamprey populations.
Heat maps showing different gene expression patterns (color scale represents the fold change) using gene ontology (GO) analyses to compare the transcriptomes of the rope versus gill (A; P < 0.05, false discovery rate ≤ 0.1) or muscle tissues (B; P < 0.05, false discovery rate ≤ 0.1) in mature
male sea lamprey.
During the study, environments lacking plentiful food were male - skewed, with 78 percent
of sea lampreys becoming male after three years, whereas environments more conducive to growth produced only 56 percent males.
«The results of this study could be a critical step toward developing advanced technologies to
control sea lampreys in the Great Lakes, which have caused unparalleled damage to fisheries,» said David Ullrich, chair of the GLFC.
The jawless, blood - sucking
sea lamprey found its way into the Great Lakes in the early 20th century through man - made canals, and has been disturbing the peace ever since.
The smell of
rotting sea lampreys drives away the live ones, which could be a useful strategy for controlling the invasive pests.
Between 2005 and 2007, the scientists tagged and
released sea lamprey larvae into unproductive lakes and productive streams.
With their blood - sucking capability and gaping round mouths,
sea lampreys feed on the blood and fluids of native fish, causing population declines in commercially and recreationally important species that are essential to the Great Lakes» multi-billion dollar per year fishery.
Sea lampreys leave a swath of destruction as the invasive species chomps through the Great Lakes.
Scientists had seen that
dead sea lampreys in a tank caused live ones to freak out and try to escape.
«
Although sea lamprey populations have been reduced by 90 percent, innovation will be key to maintaining strong control into the future.
Though sea lampreys may be known for their sharp, pointy teeth, their sense of smell is highly sensitive.
And indeed the 50 - centimeter - long, eellike creatures can wreak havoc on freshwater communities when they invade from the sea, with a
single sea lamprey able to kill 18 kilograms of fish in its lifetime.
Gaden says it could still be a few years before 3kPZS is ready to be used
everywhere sea lampreys are a problem in the Great Lakes.
When sea lampreys (Petromyzon marinus) mature, growing their jawless toothy gapes and sucking blood of other fishes, iron concentrations in blood drop — to about 10 times healthy human levels.
People who
battle sea lampreys are happy with the big spending bill President Trump signed on Friday.
Aided an MSU graduate student in studying the native lamprey of Michigan; also worked
with sea lamprey; often required working seven days per week, and 10 - 15 hour days.
Thanks to the suite of control measures already developed,
sea lamprey populations are 90 % lower than their peak populations were 60 years ago.
His specialty is explaining scientific studies for lay audiences, including recent stories about riverless urban areas in the Great Lakes Basin, the impact of climate change on rare plants and the use of sex pheromones to combat the
invasive sea lamprey.
This discovery could be a critical step in developing advanced technologies to
control sea lamprey.
The results of this study could open paths forward to novel technologies that can disrupt or modify gender
in sea lampreys, providing the commission with other means to control this noxious predator.»
That size seems to entice native fish while discouraging invasive species such as
the sea lamprey and the round goby.
«Remarkably, we didn't set out to study sex determination in
sea lampreys — we were planning to study environmental effects on growth rates only,» said Nick Johnson, a USGS scientist and the lead author of the study.
Scientists with the USGS and Michigan State University, funded by the Great Lakes Fishery Commission, found that slower
sea lamprey growth rates during the larval phase of development may increase the odds of sea lampreys becoming male.
Sea lampreys are imperiled in Europe and the Pacific Northwest, where they are native, but are invasive and destructive in the North American Great Lakes.
Unlike most animals,
sea lampreys, an invasive, parasitic species of fish damaging the Great Lakes, could become male or female depending on how quickly they grow, according to a U.S. Geological Survey study.
Some sea lamprey populations have skewed sex ratios, but the reasons why have remained a biological mystery for decades.
USGS
sea lamprey expert Nick Johnson demonstrates the ridge of tissue, called a rope, along the back of a mature male sea lamprey.
Sea lampreys are a particular problem in the Great Lakes regions of the United States and Canada.
Studies of the modern species» blood - feeding physiology got a solid source of new data in 2013 when an international team decoded the genetic instruction book of
the sea lamprey, a notorious invader of the Great Lakes.
NOAA Glossary Footnote: This author has had
a Sea Lamprey attach briefly to his forearm.