"Surface air" refers to the air found in the lowest layer of the earth's atmosphere, which is closest to the ground or surface.
Full definition
However, over the past decade, the warming
of surface air temperatures has slowed.
The study puts a widely reported «hiatus» in
global surface air temperatures since 1998 into context.
Firstly, what is the best estimate of the global
mean surface air temperature anomaly?
The map below presents the estimated change in
average surface air temperature for 2014 relative to the thirty - year average from 1981 to 2010.
If the same temp, why are you assuming that radiative exchange only occurs with the VERY
near surface air?
Nevertheless the greenhouse gas warming reduced the indirect effect
on surface air temperatures cooling by 20 % and on snow / ice cover increase by 50 %.
Unfortunately, the comments were about the meaning of the term global, and the temp graphs labeled global that are merely land
surface air temps..
However, more station data became available; also, ocean data became available whose anomalies were used to
estimate surface air temperature anomalies over the oceans.
At left, the composite annual mean organic aerosol
surface air concentrations of the models, defined as the median of the model fields on a 5 ° × 5 ° grid.
I actually think this would be better than satellite, since satellite is just a distant third cousin to 1 - m
elevation surface air temperature.
The global
average surface air temperatures for each of the four seasons in 2017 were all higher than the respective averages for 1981 - 2010.
Note that focusing
on surface air temperatures misses more than 90 % of the overall warming of the planet.
The small fraction of that warming that's expressed by changes
in surface air temperature does appear to have slowed over the past decade.
In these regions soil moisture and relative humidity
of surface air were also much above average.
Is that
land surface air temps, sea temps, or what that was «warming» in all those studies?
Figure 1 - Sea surface temperature trends scaled with
global surface air temperature trends for half the climate models used in the study.
Plus the satellite record is not
measuring surface air temperature which is the key variable that people are trying to reconstruct.
Re-calibration of Arctic sea ice extent datasets using
Arctic surface air temperature records >.
Average projection of
winter surface air temperatures over central Asia (orange line) and the frequency of cold winters (orange bars) for the 21st century.
Using the empirical relationships between Greenland and the Northern
Hemisphere surface air temperature data, we calculate that if Greenland was to become in phase with the hemispheric pattern, as it did after 1923, an additional 1.08 — 1.68 C warming would occur.
That
heated surface air then rose into the atmospheric boundary layer — the lowest level of the troposphere — doubling its height to more than 4 kilometers, and creating a thick blanket of heat.
On a parallel subject, we have our winter warm moist air overrunning
cold surface air condition here this week, which the weather models still do not handle very well.
Planting and irrigating forests would
cause surface air temperatures to drop by 4 ° to 8 °C (blue) compared with the rest of the tropics (yellow).
The
highest surface air pressures occur in the winter over Asia and North America where cold air masses form and become very deep.
Researcher Kimmo Ruosteenoja,
[email protected] Ruosteenoja, K., K. Jylhä, J. Räisänen and A. Mäkelä, 2017:
Surface air relative humidities spuriously exceeding 100 % in CMIP5 model output and their impact on future projections.
Phrases with «surface air»